Let MP of an article = ₹ N
∴ SP of an article = N x (100 - 40)/100 = ₹ 3N / 5
CP of an article = {(3N/5) x 100}/{100 - 30}
= (3N/5) x (100/70) = ₹ 6N/7.
∴ Profit when sold at MP = N - (6N/7) = ₹ N/7
Hence, profit per cent = [(N/7) / (6N/7)] x 100% = 50/3%
= 162/3%