In industrial mineral extraction, the Frasch process is a classic method used for which operation?

Introduction / Context:
The Frasch process revolutionized sulphur mining by enabling recovery of elemental sulphur from deep underground salt-dome deposits using thermal and hydraulic techniques, avoiding conventional shaft mining hazards.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Applicable to native sulphur deposits overlain by impermeable strata.
• Relies on sulphur’s low melting point (about 115–120°C).
• Requires superheated water and compressed air delivered down concentric pipes.

Concept / Approach:

The method uses a triple-pipe well: superheated water melts the sulphur in-situ; compressed air reduces density and lifts the molten sulphur-water mixture to the surface. After separation and solidification, high-purity sulphur is obtained with minimal underground labor.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Historical production records show the U.S. Gulf Coast and other regions used the Frasch process extensively until alternative sulphur sources (e.g., sour gas desulfurization) became dominant.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Nitrogen/oxygen/helium production: Handled via air separation, electrolysis, or cryogenic processing of natural gas, not by Frasch.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing Frasch with Claus (converts H2S to sulphur in refineries), which is a chemical process, not a mining method.

Final Answer:

Mining elemental sulphur from underground deposits