Analogies — “part forms whole” hierarchy Prompt: Letter : Word ⇒ ? Choose the pair that follows the same unit-to-aggregate relation.
Correct Answer: Page : Book
Introduction / Context:Many analogy items rely on structural hierarchies. “Letter : Word” captures a “unit forms aggregate” relationship in language: letters combine to form words. We must find the same composition pattern in the options.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- A letter is a smallest building block in written language for making words.
- We need a parallel where small units combine into a larger, standard whole.
- Non-structural or causal relations are distractors.
Concept / Approach:Identify which option features elements that combine to produce a conventional composite. Pages forming a book is a direct analogue to letters forming words, both being canonical compositional hierarchies in print/writing systems.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Analyze “Letter : Word” → smallest symbolic unit builds a conventional unit of meaning.Check “Page : Book.” Multiple pages are bound to form a book, matching unit-to-whole.“Product : Factory” is reversed/causal; factories produce products (place → output), not unit → whole.“Club : People” is collective → members; grammatically the mapping is “people form a club,” but the order is inverted and less standardized than page→book.“Home work : School” is an activity-location relation, not composition.Verification / Alternative check:Swap roles: letters aggregate to words; pages aggregate to books. Both reflect discrete units assembling into a recognized whole, preserving order and function.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Product : Factory — production relation, not part-whole composition.
- Club : People — reversed orientation and sociological grouping, not a fixed physical composition.
- Home work : School — task-location, not composition.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing cause or membership with strict part-whole construction. Composition requires units that inherently constitute the whole.
Final Answer:Page : Book