Analogy — Person vs. absence of virtue: Truthfulness : Liar :: Loyalty : ? Choose the person-term that stands to “Loyalty” as “Liar” stands to “Truthfulness”.
Verbal Reasoning
Analogy
Difficulty: Easy
Choose an option
Answer
Correct Answer: Traitor
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The pair “Truthfulness : Liar” links a virtue to a person who lacks or violates it. We must mirror this pattern for “Loyalty : ?”.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Liar → one who does not tell the truth (absence/violation of truthfulness).
- Loyalty → faithfulness or allegiance; its negation in a person is “treachery/treason”.
- Candidate nouns include trait-based roles (Traitor) and unrelated roles (Worker), plus adjectives (Diligent, Faithful).
Concept / Approach:Preserve the mapping “Virtue : person who violates it.” Therefore, the complement of “Loyalty” is embodied by “Traitor”.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Identify structure: [Virtue] : [violator of virtue].2) Truthfulness → Liar; hence Loyalty → ?3) The person who breaks loyalty is a Traitor (betrays trust/country/friend).4) Other options do not capture the violator role or mismatch parts of speech.Verification / Alternative check:Check part-of-speech symmetry: both “Liar” and “Traitor” are agentive nouns labeling the person who violates the virtue.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Worker: Occupational noun, unrelated to loyalty.
- Diligent: Adjective; not an agentive violator.
- Faithful: Synonymous with loyal; opposite of required.
- None of these: Invalid since “Traitor” is correct.
Common Pitfalls:Choosing an adjective (e.g., Faithful) and breaking the person-role symmetry set by “Liar”.
Final Answer:Traitor