Coding rule: each letter is shifted by +2 positions in the alphabet (wrap around from Z to B). If FATHER is coded as HCVJGT, how is SHIP coded?

Introduction / Context:This is a classic Caesar shift puzzle. The demonstration mapping FATHER → HCVJGT indicates that each letter has been advanced by +2 places in the alphabet, with wrap-around after Z.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Known example: F → H, A → C, T → V, H → J, E → G, R → T (each +2).
• Task: Apply the same +2 shift to the word SHIP.
• Alphabet wraps: Y → A, Z → B if needed.

Concept / Approach:For each plaintext letter L, compute code(L) = L shifted forward by 2. Maintain case and positions.

Step-by-Step Solution:S → U (+2)H → J (+2)I → K (+2)P → R (+2)Therefore, SHIP → UJKR.

Verification / Alternative check:Cross-check a couple of letters against the example mapping (e.g., R → T is +2; similarly P → R is +2). The rule is consistent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• TTJQ: Contains T for S (+1 instead of +2) and other shifts off by one.
• THKR / UKJR: Mix of incorrect positions and partial swaps; do not consistently apply +2 to every character.

Common Pitfalls:Applying +1, forgetting wrap-around, or permuting letters instead of letterwise shifting.

Final Answer:UJKR