Question 1

Vocabulary and collocation – travel planning: select the best adjective to complete "make ____ arrangements …" for a backup plan when a car is unavailable.  Full sentence: "If our friends are not able to take us in their car, we must make ____ arran…

Accepted Answer

Given data Sentence context: planning a backup when friends cannot drive us to the airport. Options: alternative, another, alternate, possible. Concept/Approach Make alternative arrangements is a fixed, natural collocation meaning "arrange a different plan". Another arrangements is ungrammatical (number mismatch), and alternate commonly means "every second" (AmE also "alternative" but less natural in this collocation). Possible does not capture the idea of a Plan B. Option analysis alternative — standard collocation: make alternative arrangements. ✅another — would require singular arrangement to agree in number; also loses the nuance of a backup plan.alternate — chiefly means "every other"; not idiomatic here in most varieties of English.possible — too vague; does not convey the "backup" sense. Common pitfalls Confusing alternate with alternative. Number disagreement: another arrangements ❌ vs. another arrangement ✔ (but still semantically weaker). Final Answer alternative

Question 2

Lexical choice – metalwork action verb: complete the sentence with the verb commonly used for striking metal with a tool in a marketplace context.  Sentence: "A crescendo of metallic thuds arose from the market, where the iron-smiths were ____ the p…

Accepted Answer

Given data Context: blacksmiths/iron-smiths generating metallic thuds while working pieces of metal. Options: flattening, striking, hammering, thrashing. Concept/Approach The standard verb for shaping metal with repeated blows using a hammer is hammering. It naturally explains the "crescendo of metallic thuds". Option analysis hammering — precise technical and everyday term for repeated hammer blows in metalwork. ✅flattening — a possible result of hammering/rolling, but not the direct action causing thuds.striking — generic; lacks the specific metalworking nuance and is less idiomatic here.thrashing — connotes violent beating (often of people/crops/clothes), not appropriate for metal shaping. Usage note Typical collocation: hammering (hot) metal, hammering out shapes. Final Answer hammering

Question 3

Preposition of duration with perfect aspect: choose the correct word to express a period of time up to now.  Sentence: "I haven’t eaten an apple ____ a long while."  Select the preposition that correctly marks duration.

Accepted Answer

Given data Target: preposition that fits the present perfect negative and a duration phrase "a long while". Concept/Approach For is used with spans of time (for a week, for years). Since marks a starting point (since 2020). From needs a complement (from X to Y). Until denotes an end point, not a duration in this construction. Option analysis for — correct with a long while. ✅since — would require a specific point in time (e.g., since last summer).from — incomplete without to or till.until — not idiomatic here; it suggests a terminal point rather than a duration with perfect aspect. Final Answer for

Question 4

Government/legal collocation – "invest … with": select the preposition that completes the fixed phrase meaning "to confer authority".  Sentence: "The parliament invested the new organisation ____ judicial authority."  Choose the correct preposition …

Accepted Answer

Given data Verb phrase: invest in the sense of "confer (power/authority)". Object: "the new organisation ____ judicial authority". Concept/Approach The fixed collocation is invest someone/something with authority/powers. Option analysis with — correct collocation: invest … with judicial authority. ✅by — would imply agency, not the item conferred.from — indicates source, not conferral.through — indicates means, not used in this idiom. Usage examples "The constitution invests the court with certain powers." Final Answer with

Question 5

Workforce vocabulary – phrasal verb for temporary dismissal: select the option that matches the meaning "to dismiss employees (often temporarily) due to lack of work or funds".  Sentence: "Owing to the power cut in the area, factories are being forc…

Accepted Answer

Given data Context: factories cannot operate; they must dismiss workers. We need a standard HR/industrial-relations term. Concept/Approach Lay off means to dismiss employees, often for economic/operational reasons, sometimes temporarily. The other phrasal verbs have different meanings. Option analysis lay off — correct: "lay off workers/men". ✅throw away — means discard objects; inappropriate for people.send off — usually means dispatch or eject (sports), not employment termination.put off — means postpone or repel; not about employment status. Common pitfalls Confusing lay off with fire: fire implies fault; lay off implies circumstances. Final Answer lay off

Question 6

Verb semantics – choose the action verb that fits the imperative of stopping pollution: complete the sentence with the most semantically appropriate verb.  Sentence: "Man must ____ to stop pollution."  Select the verb that expresses taking action.

Accepted Answer

Given data Context: urging humans to take measures against pollution. We need a succinct verb meaning "take action". Concept/Approach Act means to take action or do something. Perform requires an object (perform a task). Operate usually refers to machinery or functioning of systems. Behave is about conduct, not necessarily intervention. Option analysis act — concise and idiomatic in calls to action: "We must act to…" ✅perform — incomplete without a noun phrase; semantically off.operate — refers to running machines or functioning.behave — about manners/ethics; doesn't capture initiative. Final Answer act

Question 7

Noun choice – legal culpability: select the word that correctly names a punishable offense.  Sentence: "He was sent to the prison for his ____."  Choose the most accurate legal term.

Accepted Answer

Given data Context: imprisonment due to wrongdoing. Options: sin, vice, crime, guilt. Concept/Approach Crime is a violation of law punishable by the state. Sin is a moral/religious wrong, vice is a bad habit, and guilt is a state/feeling or verdict, not the act itself. Option analysis crime — correct legal term explaining imprisonment. ✅sin — moral theology term; not necessarily punishable by prison.vice — ongoing habit; not the specific punishable act.guilt — a condition/judgment, not the offense. Final Answer crime

Question 8

Preposition of medium/material – writing instrument and ink: choose the correct preposition used with ink.  Sentence: "The answer was written ____ blue ink."  Select the standard preposition that indicates medium.

Accepted Answer

Given data We need the preposition used to express the medium/material (ink) of writing. Concept/Approach English uses in to denote the medium or language: "written in ink/pencil/blue", "written in French". With names the instrument ("with a pen"), not the medium. By indicates agent; on indicates surface. Option analysis in — correct: "written in blue ink". ✅with — would be "with a blue pen", not "with blue ink".by — marks agency ("by John"); not used for medium.on — indicates surface ("on paper"). Final Answer in

Question 9

Word choice – "historic" vs. "historical": decide which adjective fits decisions of great lasting importance taken at a meeting.  Sentence: "Many ____ decisions were taken at the meeting."  Choose the most precise adjective.

Accepted Answer

Given data We must differentiate between historic and historical in context. Concept/Approach Historic describes something important/significant in history (e.g., historic decision). Historical relates to the study of history or past events (e.g., historical records). Hectic=frantic; histrionic=overly theatrical. Option analysis historic — correct for landmark/epoch-making decisions. ✅historical — wrong nuance; would mean "pertaining to history", not "momentous".hectic — unrelated meaning.histrionic — theatrical/overdramatic; irrelevant. Usage tip Pairings: historic decision/event/meeting; historical documents/novels/research. Final Answer historic

Question 10

Prepositions (collocation): Fill in the blank with the correct preposition  “Those who persist in the endeavor at long last triumph ______ the odds of life.” Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.

Accepted Answer

Given data Expression: “triumph ______ the odds.” Context: Idiomatic English collocation with “triumph.” Concept/Approach Triumph over is the standard collocation meaning to succeed despite difficulties. Option analysis over — correct and idiomatic: “triumph over the odds.”on/upon/about — do not collocate with “triumph” in this sense. Common pitfalls Choosing “upon” by analogy with other phrases; with “triumph,” the fixed preposition is “over.” Final Answer over

Question 11

Vocabulary (best word choice): Complete the sentence with the most appropriate verb for the meaning  “In the modern materialistic society, the only aim of people appears to be ______ money by fair means or foul.” Choose the correct option.

Accepted Answer

Given data Context: General aim of people regarding money (neutral statement). Needed sense: “to get/obtain money,” regardless of method. Concept/Approach The verb should broadly mean “obtain/come to possess.” Acquire fits this neutral, general meaning. Option analysis acquire — correct: obtain/come into possession of money.print — literally make currency; illegal/out of scope.produce — make/manufacture; not idiomatic for money.extort — obtain by force/threats; too specific and negative. Common pitfalls Selecting “extort” due to “by fair means or foul”; however, the sentence needs a general verb covering both. Final Answer acquire

Question 12

Vocabulary (correct noun): Choose the word that correctly completes the postal context  “What is the ______ for an air letter?” Select the term that fits standard postal usage.

Accepted Answer

Given data Topic: Postal charges for sending an air letter. Concept/Approach The standard word for the amount charged to send mail is postage. Option analysis postage — correct: fee for mailing items.fare — cost of travel/transport of people, not mail.value — vague; not the fee.stamp — a label indicating paid postage, not the amount itself. Final Answer postage

Question 13

Prepositions (idiom “enamoured of”): Fill in the blank with the correct preposition  “He became enamored ______ her grace when he first saw her dance.” Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.

Accepted Answer

Given data Expression: “enamoured (enamored) ______ something/someone.” Concept/Approach Standard usage is enamoured of (BrE) / enamored of (AmE) when the object is a quality/person. Option analysis of — correct idiom: “enamored of her grace.”with — used by some speakers but less standard with an abstract quality.by/in — incorrect in this construction. Common pitfalls Confusing “enamored with” (informal, chiefly with things) with the more standard “enamored of.” Final Answer of

Question 14

Collocation (medical): Choose the adjective that correctly completes the phrase  “Rama was so badly injured that he needed ______ care in the hospital.” Select the standard medical collocation.

Accepted Answer

Given data Phrase: (hospital) ______ care for severely injured patients. Concept/Approach The fixed medical term is intensive care (as in “ICU: Intensive Care Unit”). Option analysis intensive — correct collocation: “intensive care.”extensive — means wide-ranging; not the set phrase.little — wrong degree; ungrammatical here.deep — not used with “care.” Final Answer intensive

Question 15

Verb choice (logic/meaning): Select the verb that best completes the sentence  “You cannot devise a method which ______ all possibility of errors.” Pick the word that expresses complete ruling out.

Accepted Answer

Given data Goal: A method that leaves no possibility of errors. Concept/Approach Exclude = keep out/eliminate from consideration; that is what removes “all possibility.” Option analysis excludes — correct: shuts out all possibility.includes — opposite meaning.avoids — subject performs the avoiding; does not pair naturally with “all possibility of errors.”ignores — to pay no attention; does not remove the possibility. Common pitfalls Selecting “avoids” because it sounds close; grammatically and semantically weaker than “excludes.” Final Answer excludes

Question 16

Vocabulary (idiom): Choose the verb that best completes the expression  “Many areas of the city were ______ into darkness for several hours.” Select the correct idiomatic verb.

Accepted Answer

Given data Expression: ______ into darkness (power outage context). Concept/Approach The idiom is plunged into darkness meaning “suddenly made dark.” Option analysis plunged — correct idiom.spread — wrong verb; “darkness spread” has different structure.merged — incorrect with “into darkness.”deep — adjective, not a verb. Final Answer plunged

Question 17

Vocabulary (publishing/media): Choose the word that best completes the sentence  “Find the ______ that accompany these cartoons.” Select the standard term used under images.

Accepted Answer

Given data Image-related text requested for cartoons. Concept/Approach Text placed with images to explain them is called a caption. Option analysis captions — correct term for explanatory lines accompanying images.titles/headings — label sections or works; not necessarily under images.topics — subjects/themes; not the printed lines with images. Final Answer captions

Question 18

Vocabulary (verb meaning “deal with”): Choose the word that best completes the sentence  “I don't really know how to ______ the problem.” Select the verb that means “address/deal with.”

Accepted Answer

Given data Task: Verb that means to address or handle a problem. Concept/Approach Tackle a problem = approach it actively and try to solve it. Option analysis tackle — correct: “tackle the problem.”cope — normally “cope with a problem”; missing the preposition here.draw/erase — unrelated meanings. Common pitfalls Choosing “cope” without its necessary preposition “with.” Final Answer tackle

Question 19

Prepositions (phrasal pattern “play off A against B”): Fill in the blank with the correct preposition  “The English schemed to continue their rule in India by playing off one community ______ the other.” Choose the correct option.

Accepted Answer

Given data Phrasal pattern: “play off A ______ B.” Concept/Approach The fixed expression is play off A against B meaning to exploit the rivalry between two sides. Option analysis against — correct and idiomatic.before/upon/with — do not form the phrasal pattern here. Final Answer against

Question 20

Vocabulary in context – choose the most appropriate verb to convey reassurance in reported speech.  Sentence: "The passengers were afraid, but the captain ______ them that there was no danger."  Select the option that best completes the sentence in …

Accepted Answer

Given data Stem: "The passengers were afraid, but the captain ______ them that there was no danger." Options: promised, assured, advised, counselled. Concept/Approach Assure means to remove doubt or give confidence/reassurance to someone. The direct object is the person being reassured ("assured them"). Option analysis assured — correct: "assured them that there was no danger." This directly addresses their fear. ✅promised — means to commit to do something later; less precise for calming fear (you promise to do something).advised — means to give advice or recommendations, not reassurance.counselled — formal for giving guidance/therapy; does not collocate as cleanly for immediate reassurance. Common pitfalls Confusing promise (commitment) with assure (reassurance). Using advise when no suggestion/course of action is given. Final Answer assured

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