Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: All the above.
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Service pipe and storage sizing for small buildings depends on anticipated peak draw-off rates, expressed as per-capita-per-minute values that vary with the number of simultaneous users. Such tabulated values inform plumbing fixture unit calculations and pipe sizing.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
For smaller groups, the per-capita peak rate is higher (lower diversity), and it decreases as the group size increases (higher diversity). The listed values reflect this: 1.80 L for 5–10 users, 1.20 L for 15 users, and 1.35 L for 20 users (intermediate diversity). All are recognized benchmarks for quick sizing.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Understand diversity effect: as users increase, individual coincidence factor drops.2) Apply tabulated per-capita peaks to compute total peak demand for the design group.3) Check pipe sizing against velocity and head-loss criteria using the computed peak.
Verification / Alternative check:
Cross-check with local water authority handbooks where similar per-capita peaks are suggested for preliminary design.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Common Pitfalls:
Final Answer:
All the above..
Discussion & Comments