Neuro-inspired hardware: What term is used for computers whose circuits are patterned after the interconnected neurons of the human brain?

Introduction / Context:
Researchers model computation after biological neural systems to achieve robust pattern recognition, fault tolerance, and learning from data. The question targets recognition of the standard term for brain-inspired computing architectures.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Circuitry mimics neuron–synapse interconnections.
• Systems can learn from examples and generalize.
• Applications include vision, speech, and control.

Concept / Approach:
Computers designed around artificial neurons and weighted connections are known as neural network computers. The phrase precisely captures both the structure (networks of units) and the learning capability (weight adaptation).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Neural hardware accelerators (e.g., neuromorphic chips) are explicitly marketed as neural network systems; the terminology is consistent across literature.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Intelligent/Smart computers: vague marketing terms, not specific to neuronal design.
• Supercomputers: describe scale/performance, not architecture.
• None of the above: contradicted by established terminology.

Common Pitfalls:
Equating any high-performance system with neural networks; the defining feature is neuron-like computation and adaptivity, not raw speed.

Final Answer:
Neural network computers