Question 1

What are different ways to integrate a CSS into a Web page?

Accepted Answer

There are three ways to integrate CSS into a Web page 1 Inline: HTML elements may have CSS applied to them via the STYLE attribute 2 Embedded: By placing the code in a STYLE element within the HEAD element 3 Linked/ Imported: Place the CSS in an external file and link it via a link element

Question 2

What is CSS selector?

Accepted Answer

- Basically it is a string that identifies the elements to which a particular declaration or set of declarations will apply - It can also be referred to as a link between the HTML document and the style sheet - It is equivalent of HTML elements For example : A {text-indent: 12pt} Here, the selector is A, which is called as type selector

Question 3

What is the use of CSS sprites?

Accepted Answer

- A web page with large number of images takes a longer time to load This is because each image separately sends out a http request - The concept of CSS sprite helps in reducing this loading time for a web page by combining various small images into one image This reduces the numbers of http request and hence the loading time

Question 4

What are the rules in CSS ruleset?

Accepted Answer

CSS consists of two types of CSS rules, first is for ruleset which identifies the style and the selector It combines the style and the selector Ruleset is a combination of CSS rules, for example: h1{text-color: 15pt;}, where this is the CSS rule Ruleset is selector + declaration for example: h1 + {text-color: 15pt;}

Question 5

What is the difference between class selector and ID selector?

Accepted Answer

- Class selector can be given to an overall block This is sometimes termed as block element as well, whereas ID selector identifies a unique name and a style for a specific element - ID selector declares the style for only one particular element which can be differentiated from other element, whereas Class selector is being given for the whole complete block

Question 6

What is the purpose of pseudo-elements?

Accepted Answer

Pseudo elements allow the use of the part of element and not the element itself They are applied to block level element, which is used for the complete block for which the CSS is being written This allow the subpart of an element to be styled like paragraphs and headings For example: selector:pseudo-element {property:value;} p: first-line {text-transform: lowercase;} It adds the style to the first line of the code in the paragraph

Question 7

What is the use of Media Types in CSS?

Accepted Answer

Media types in CSS define the media like audio and video to be used in your HTML document to represent the properties in a better way The font property can be used for media types as it can be used for print media or screen media Document requires a defined media to represent the screen that can be read on the paper It is used as:@media ----------Your code here----------

Question 8

What are the advantages of the external over inline style methods?

Accepted Answer

- External Style Sheets are useful as it keeps the style and content separately and doesn’t allow it to mix with each other It can control the styles for multiple documents, whereas inline style mixes the content with the style and make the code messier - External style sheet allows the creation of various classes in a structured way, whereas inline style sheet can’t create or control class elements - External style sheet can use selector and grouping methods to apply styles, whereas inline styles can’t use selector and grouping methods

Question 9

JavaScript vs. Jscript

Accepted Answer

JavaScript: - JavaScript is a scripting language developed by Netscape Communications - The Netscape Navigator interprets JavaScript embedded into Web pages - JavaScript is used for developing web applications - It is not dependent on Sun Microsystem's Java language JScript: - Microsoft JScript is an open implementation of Netscape's JavaScript - JScript is a scripting language designed to create active online content ActiveX controls, Java programs, etc can be linked and automated in the web pages using JScript

Question 10

What is the difference between Client side JavaScript and Server side JavaScript.

Accepted Answer

Client side java script comprises the basic language and predefined objects which are relevant to running java script in a browser The client side java script is embedded directly by in the HTML pages This script is interpreted by the browser at run time Server side java script also resembles like client side java script It has relevant java script which is to run in a server The server side java scripts are deployed only after compilation

Question 11

Where are cookies actually stored on the hard disk?

Accepted Answer

The storage of cookies on the hard disk depends on OS and the browser The Netscape navigator on Windows, the file cookiestxt contains all the cookies The path is : c:\Program Files\Netscape\Users\username\cookiestxt The Internet Explorer stores the cookies on a file by name username@websitetxt is c:\Windows\Cookies\username@Websitetxt

Question 12

How to Accessing Elements using javascript?

Accepted Answer

The elements of JavaScript are accessed by their names By default the browser is accessed by the element ‘windows’ and the page by ‘document’ The corresponding element has user defined names for forms and its elements For example var pwd = windowsdocumentfrmLoginpasswordvalue; assigns the value of the password field of the form fromLogin in the current document, where password is the name of the element and frmLogin is the name of the form Like wise any form element is accessed

Question 13

How to set the cursor to wait in JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

The cursor can set to wait in JavaScript by using the property ‘cursor’ property The following example illustrates the usage windowdocumentbodystylecursor = "wait";

Question 14

What is decodeURI(), encodeURI() in JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

To send the characters that can not be specified in a URL should be converted into their equivalent hex encoding To perform this task the methods encodeURI() and decodeURI() are used For example, the following code snippet performs the encoding of URL:

Question 15

What are windows object and navigator object in JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

Windows object is top level object in Java script It contains several other objects such as, document, history, location, name, menu bar etc, in itself Window object is the global object for Java script that is written at client-side Information pertaining to the client browser and system is returned by the navigator object of JavaScript Navigator object is the top level object for all users

Question 16

What does isNaN function do?

Accepted Answer

NaN stands for ‘not-a-number’ The function isNaN determines the argument or the value is a NaN The function returns true if the argument is not a number, otherwise returns false

Question 17

How to read and write a file using javascript?

Accepted Answer

Files can be read and written by using java script functions – fopen(),fread() and fwrite() The function fopen() takes two parameters – 1 Path and 2 Mode (0 for reading and 3 for writing) The fopen() function returns -1, if the file is successfully opened Ex: file=fopen(getScriptPath(),0); The function fread() is used for reading the file content Ex: str = fread(file,flength(file)); The function fwrite() is used to write the contents to the file Ex(): file = fopen("c:\MyFiletxt", 3);// opens the file for writing fwrite(file, str);// str is the content that is to be written into the file

Question 18

How to create arrays in JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

Arrays are created by using new Array() in Java Script For example : var employees = new Array(); The elements to this array is assigned as follows : employees[0] = "Kumar" employees[1] = "Fedrick"

Question 19

What are Math Constants and Functions using JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

Math object has two constant : MathPI and MathE Math object has following functions: - Mathabs(val1); It will give absolute value of val1 - Mathmax(val1,val2); This fuction will return maximum value from val1 and val2 - Mathrandom(); This function will return a random number between 0 and 1 - Mathfloor(val1) This function will returns decimal value of val1

Question 20

What is Shift() method in Javascript?

Accepted Answer

-The shift() method is similar as the pop() method but the difference is that Shift method works at the beginning of the array -The shift() method take the first element off of the given array and returns it The array on which is called is then altered For example var myarray = ["apple ", "banana ", "mango "]; consolelog(myarrayshift()); consolelog(myarray); we get the following console output: apple ["banana ", "mango "]; When we call shift() on an empty array, it will return an undefined value

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