Question 1

While posing for a family photograph, the father is standing to the right of the son and to the left of the grandmother. The mother is sitting to the left of her daughter and to the right of the grandmother. Who is positioned in the middle of the gr…

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Introduction / Context: This is a seating and positioning puzzle phrased as a family photograph situation. You are given relative positions of five family members: father, son, grandmother, mother and daughter. The question asks who is in the middle of the group when they are arranged in a line. Understanding left and right relations and combining them into a single order are the main skills tested. Given Data / Assumptions: - The father stands to the right of the son. - The father stands to the left of the grandmother. - The mother sits to the left of her daughter. - The mother sits to the right of the grandmother. - All five persons are in one row for the photograph. Concept / Approach: The approach is to translate each sentence into a left–right ordering constraint. Once you know who must be left or right of whom, you can merge the constraints into a single linear arrangement. The person who ends up with exactly two people on each side (in a five-person arrangement) is the one in the middle. No arithmetic is needed, only careful reading and placement. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From the father is standing to the right of the son and to the left of the grandmother, we get this partial order (from left to right): Son – Father – Grandmother. Step 2: From the mother is sitting to the left of her daughter, we know Mother must be somewhere to the left of Daughter in the final lineup. Step 3: From the mother is sitting to the right of the grandmother, we get Grandmother – Mother – Daughter in left–right order. Step 4: Combine both partial orders. We already have Son – Father – Grandmother from Step 1 and Grandmother – Mother – Daughter from Step 3. Merging them yields: Son – Father – Grandmother – Mother – Daughter. Step 5: Count positions from left to right. There are five people, so the third position is the exact middle of the group. In the order Son – Father – Grandmother – Mother – Daughter, the third person is Grandmother. Verification / Alternative check: Check that all original conditions are satisfied by the final order Son – Father – Grandmother – Mother – Daughter. The father is indeed to the right of the son and to the left of the grandmother. The mother is to the right of the grandmother and to the left of the daughter. Every constraint matches perfectly. Since no alternative arrangement can satisfy all the given left–right relations simultaneously, this order is unique, and the person in the third position is definitely the grandmother. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Son: He is at the extreme left with four people to his right, not in the middle. - Father: He is second from the left, with one person on his left and three on his right. - Mother: She is fourth from the left, with three people on her left and one on her right. - Daughter: She is at the extreme right with four people on her left. Common Pitfalls: One common mistake is to misread to the right of as immediately to the right of. The statements only specify relative positions, not adjacency, so you must keep the order flexible until all constraints are combined. Another pitfall is to forget to include all five family members in the final sequence, which can lead to a wrong middle person. Drawing a simple line and placing names step by step can greatly reduce confusion. Final Answer: The person positioned in the middle of the group is the grandmother.

Question 2

Aryan has a brother named Bishnu. Aryan is the son of Chetan, and Dev is Chetan's father. In terms of relationship, how is Bishnu related to Dev?

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Introduction / Context: This is a simple generation-based blood relation question. You are given three generations: Dev at the top, his child Chetan and then Chetan's children Aryan and Bishnu. The task is to identify how Bishnu is connected to Dev. Such questions test your ability to track generations and recognise standard relationships like son, grandson, brother and cousin. Given Data / Assumptions: - Aryan has a brother named Bishnu. - Aryan is the son of Chetan. - Dev is Chetan's father. - Family structure is standard, with no adoptions or unusual relations. Concept / Approach: We can think in terms of generations. Dev is one generation above Chetan, and Chetan is one generation above Aryan and Bishnu. A person who is two generations below someone, and is the child of that person's child, is a grandson or granddaughter. Because Bishnu is a son of Dev's son Chetan, Bishnu is Dev's grandson. We only need to be careful not to confuse brother with cousin. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Dev is the father of Chetan. Step 2: Aryan is the son of Chetan, so Aryan is Dev's grandson. Step 3: Aryan has a brother named Bishnu. Since Aryan and Bishnu are brothers, they share the same parents in this typical setting. Step 4: Therefore, Bishnu is also a child of Chetan. Step 5: Since Bishnu is the son of Chetan, and Chetan is the son of Dev, Bishnu is the grandson of Dev. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a simple three-level tree: Dev at the top, Chetan in the middle, and Aryan plus Bishnu at the bottom. The arrow from Dev to Chetan is father–son, and from Chetan to Aryan and Bishnu is father–sons. Any child at the bottom level is a grandchild of Dev. Since Bishnu appears at this bottom level as Chetan's son, his relationship to Dev is unambiguously grandson. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Father: Bishnu is two generations below Dev, not above him. - Brother: A brother of Dev would share Dev's parents, not be a child of his son. - Cousin: Cousins are children of siblings, but Bishnu is directly from Dev's line. - Nephew: A nephew would be the child of Dev's sibling, not of Dev's own child. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes test-takers rush and see the word brother (Aryan's brother Bishnu) and mistakenly label Bishnu as Dev's brother as well. However, brother is a relationship within the same generation, while Dev clearly belongs two generations above Aryan and Bishnu. Always check how many generational steps separate two people; that usually narrows the relationship down to grandparent–grandchild, parent–child or sibling. Final Answer: Bishnu is Dev's grandson.

Question 3

Introducing a woman, Anjali says, 'She is the wife of my daughter's only brother.' How is that woman related to Anjali?

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Introduction / Context: This problem tests your understanding of in-law relationships. Anjali introduces a woman by describing her as the wife of my daughter's only brother. You must track who my daughter's only brother is and then see how his wife is related to Anjali. The scenario is a classic way of arriving at the relationship daughter-in-law. Given Data / Assumptions: - Speaker: Anjali. - Anjali has a daughter. - That daughter has exactly one brother, called her only brother. - The introduced woman is the wife of this only brother. - Standard nuclear-family relationships are assumed. Concept / Approach: First identify my daughter's only brother. In a typical family, if a woman has children including a daughter and a son, then the daughter's only brother is that same son. From Anjali's viewpoint, my daughter's only brother is Anjali's son. The introduced woman is the wife of this son. Therefore, she is Anjali's daughter-in-law. The problem is essentially asking how the wife of one's son is related to one. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Let Anjali's daughter be D. Step 2: D's only brother is Anjali's son S. He is the only male child of Anjali in that generation. Step 3: The woman being introduced is the wife of S, that is, she is married to Anjali's son. Step 4: In family terminology, the wife of one's son is called one's daughter-in-law. Step 5: Therefore, Anjali is the woman's mother-in-law, and the woman is Anjali's daughter-in-law. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a small family tree: place Anjali at the top, with two children: a daughter D and a son S. Then connect S to his wife W. W's relationship to Anjali is via S: W is the spouse of Anjali's son. From W's point of view, Anjali is her mother-in-law. From Anjali's point of view, W is her daughter-in-law. No other relation such as niece or sister fits this pattern. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Niece: A niece is the daughter of a sibling or of a sibling-in-law, not the wife of one's son. - Sister: A sister would share parents with Anjali, which is not indicated. - Cousin: A cousin shares grandparents with Anjali, which is also not stated. - Aunt: An aunt is a sister of a parent or the wife of an uncle, a generation above, not someone in the child's generation married to the child. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes misread daughter's only brother as son-in-law, but that is a different relationship entirely. The phrase clearly points to Anjali's own son, not to a spouse of the daughter. Another common error is to reverse the direction and answer mother-in-law instead of daughter-in-law. The question asks How is the woman related to Anjali?, so the correct term must describe the woman from Anjali's perspective. Final Answer: The woman is Anjali's daughter-in-law.

Question 4

Introducing a boy, Amar said, 'He is the son of my maternal grandfather's son.' How is that boy related to Amar?

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Introduction / Context: This question involves maternal relations and a nested phrase: the son of my maternal grandfather's son. You must carefully decode the family link from Amar up to his maternal grandfather, then down to the boy. The concept tested is whether you can distinguish between uncles, brothers and cousins when the path to the person goes through grandparents and their children. Given Data / Assumptions: - Reference person: Amar. - Amar speaks about his maternal grandfather. - The boy is the son of Amar's maternal grandfather's son. - Maternal grandfather is Amar's mother's father. - Maternal grandfather's son means a son of Amar's maternal grandfather, i.e., Amar's maternal uncle. Concept / Approach: The crucial step is identifying who my maternal grandfather's son is. Amar's maternal grandfather is his mother's father. Any son of that man is Amar's maternal uncle, because he is the brother of Amar's mother. The boy is the child of that maternal uncle. Children of uncles and aunts are cousins. Therefore, the boy is Amar's cousin. We must not confuse this with a nephew or brother. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify Amar's maternal grandfather as the father of Amar's mother. Step 2: A son of Amar's maternal grandfather is the brother of Amar's mother. That person is Amar's maternal uncle. Step 3: The boy is described as the son of this maternal grandfather's son, that is, the son of Amar's maternal uncle. Step 4: A son of an uncle is one of Amar's cousins. Step 5: Therefore, the boy is Amar's cousin. Verification / Alternative check: Visualise the family tree: at the top, Amar's maternal grandparents. They have at least two children: Amar's mother and her brother (Amar's maternal uncle). On the next level, the maternal uncle has a son: the boy in the question. Amar is the child of his mother. Both Amar and the boy are grandchildren of the same maternal grandparents but through different children. This is exactly the structure for first cousins, confirming the conclusion. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Maternal uncle: That would be Amar's mother's brother. Here, the boy is the son of that uncle, not the uncle himself. - Nephew: A nephew would be a child of Amar's sibling, but the boy is not described that way. - Brother: A brother would share Amar's parents. The boy shares grandparents but not parents with Amar. - Uncle: An uncle is a sibling of a parent or spouse of an aunt, a generation above Amar, not below or at his generation. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to misinterpret maternal grandfather's son as Amar's father, but that would make Amar's father and mother siblings, which does not match normal puzzle assumptions. Another common confusion is between uncle and cousin; remembering that uncles and aunts are siblings of parents while cousins are their children helps separate these roles. Always work one generation at a time and clearly label each person's position in the tree. Final Answer: The boy introduced by Amar is his cousin.

Question 5

Introducing a boy, Ankit said, 'He is the son of the daughter of my grandfather's son.' How is that boy related to Ankit?

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Introduction / Context: This question is effectively the same pattern as an earlier one: Ankit describes a boy through the phrase son of the daughter of my grandfather's son. You need to decode the chain and express the final relationship in standard family terms. The puzzle tests reading accuracy and familiarity with the idea that grandfather's son is normally interpreted as father in such questions. Given Data / Assumptions: - Reference person: Ankit. - A boy is being introduced. - The boy is the son of the daughter of Ankit's grandfather's son. - Grandfather refers to Ankit's grandfather in the usual sense. - In absence of other sons mentioned, my grandfather's son is interpreted as Ankit's father. Concept / Approach: We break the relationship down from top to bottom. Ankit's grandfather's son is taken as Ankit's father. The daughter of that man is one of Ankit's sisters (or possibly Ankit if Ankit is female, but the exam convention here usually treats her as a separate sister). The boy is the son of that daughter. The son of one's sister is a nephew. Thus, Ankit is the boy's maternal uncle or aunt, and the boy is Ankit's nephew. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify my grandfather's son as Ankit's father under standard exam assumptions. Step 2: The daughter of Ankit's father is a female child in the same generation as Ankit. She is best interpreted as Ankit's sister. Step 3: The boy is the son of this daughter, meaning he is the son of Ankit's sister. Step 4: The son of your sister is your nephew. Step 5: Therefore, the boy is Ankit's nephew, and Ankit is his maternal uncle or aunt. Verification / Alternative check: If you sketch the family tree, place the grandfather at the top, his son (Ankit's father) in the middle and Ankit plus his sister at the bottom level. The sister has a boy (her son). That boy is one generation below Ankit and is related through Ankit's sibling. There is precisely one standard label for such a relation: nephew. No matter how you label genders, the structure remains uncle/aunt and nephew. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Cousin: A cousin would share grandparents with Ankit but would be the child of an uncle or aunt, not of a sibling. - Brother: A brother shares parents with you, but the boy is the child of a sibling, not a sibling himself. - Father-in-law: This is a relation in a completely different generation and through marriage, not implied here. - Uncle: An uncle is a brother of a parent or spouse of an aunt, typically older, not one generation below. Common Pitfalls: Candidates often hesitate because my grandfather's son could, in principle, be an uncle instead of the father. In competitive exams, unless additional brothers are explicitly introduced, the phrase is usually intended to mean the direct parent. Another frequent mistake is stopping the chain at daughter and calling her a cousin, but that would require the grandfather's son to be an uncle, which the question does not force. Keeping to the simplest consistent interpretation leads to the correct nephew relationship. Final Answer: The boy introduced by Ankit is his nephew.

Question 6

Pointing to a woman, a girl says, 'She is the mother of the only child of my father-in-law.' How is the woman related to the girl?

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Introduction / Context: This problem combines marital relations with the concept of father-in-law and only child. A girl points to a woman and describes her as the mother of the only child of my father-in-law. Your job is to determine how that woman is related to the girl. The puzzle checks whether you can correctly interpret who the only child is and then identify that child's mother. Given Data / Assumptions: - Speaker: a married girl. - She has a father-in-law, that is, her husband's father. - The father-in-law has exactly one child (the only child). - The woman being pointed at is the mother of this only child. - Standard monogamous family structure is assumed. Concept / Approach: The father-in-law is the girl's husband's father. If he has only one child, that only child must be the girl's husband. The mother of the husband is the girl's mother-in-law. Therefore, the woman being pointed at is the girl's mother-in-law. The key is to correctly identify that the only child of my father-in-law is not the girl herself but her husband. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret my father-in-law as the father of the girl's husband. Step 2: The phrase only child of my father-in-law means that this man has exactly one child. Step 3: Since father-in-law is the husband's father, this only child is naturally the husband of the girl. Step 4: The woman being pointed at is described as the mother of this only child. Thus she is the mother of the girl's husband. Step 5: The mother of one's husband is, by definition, the mother-in-law. Step 6: Therefore, the woman is the girl's mother-in-law. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a small tree: place the father-in-law and the woman (his wife) at the top as a couple. They have exactly one child, the husband. On the next level, the husband is married to the girl. From the girl's perspective, her husband's parents are her father-in-law and mother-in-law. The wording that the woman is the mother of the only child of my father-in-law fits perfectly when the child is her husband, confirming that the woman is the girl's mother-in-law. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Granddaughter: This would mean the girl is two generations below the woman, which is not indicated. - Mother: The girl's own mother is not described; the woman is explicitly related through the father-in-law. - Cousin: Cousins are usually from the same generation and do not arise directly from father-in-law relationships. - Sister-in-law: A sister-in-law would be the sister of the husband or the wife of a brother, not the husband's mother. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to think that the only child might be the girl herself, but the father-in-law is defined via the husband, not directly via the girl. Another pitfall is to mix up mother-in-law and grandmother-in-law when multiple generations are mentioned. Here only two generations are involved above the girl, making the relationship clearly mother-in-law. Careful reading of whose father and whose child is being discussed keeps the logic straight. Final Answer: The woman pointed to by the girl is her mother-in-law.

Question 7

If A is the mother of B and K, D is the husband of A, and E is the son of D's brother, what is the relation of A with E?

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Introduction / Context: This blood relation question mixes parent–child relations with sibling and in-law connections. You are given that A is the mother of B and K, that D is A's husband, and that E is the son of D's brother. The goal is to determine how A is related to E. This is a common structure where you must identify that the child of a husband's brother is a nephew, and the husband's wife becomes the aunt. Given Data / Assumptions: - A is the mother of B and K. - D is the husband of A. - Therefore, D is the father of B and K. - D has a brother, and E is that brother's son. - All relations are by blood or marriage in a standard nuclear family context. Concept / Approach: First, recognise that D's brother is the paternal uncle of A's children B and K. E is the son of that uncle, making him a cousin of B and K. From A's perspective, E is the son of her brother-in-law (her husband's brother). The standard family term for the relation between a woman and the children of her siblings or her husband's siblings is aunt. Therefore, A is E's aunt, more specifically his paternal aunt by marriage. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Note that A and D are married, with children B and K. So A is the mother and D is the father of B and K. Step 2: D has a brother. Let us call this brother X. X and D share the same parents. Step 3: E is the son of D's brother X. Thus E is a child of A's brother-in-law. Step 4: For B and K, X is their paternal uncle, and E, as X's son, is their first cousin. Step 5: From A's viewpoint, E is the child of her husband's brother, that is, the child of her brother-in-law. Step 6: The usual term for the relation between a woman and the child of her sibling or her husband's sibling is aunt. Hence, A is E's aunt. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a family tree with D and his brother X on one level. D is married to A, and they have children B and K. X has a child E. From E's position, his father's brother is D, and D's wife is A. The wife of one's paternal uncle is also called aunt. So both via blood and via marriage, E sees A as an aunt figure. This aligns with the standard use of the term aunt in family relationship puzzles. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Mother in law: A would be E's mother-in-law only if E were married to A's daughter. No such information is provided. - Sister in law: A is married to D, and D's brother's wife would be A's sister-in-law, not A herself. - Sister: For A to be E's sister, they would need to share parents, which they do not. - Cousin: Cousin is a relation between people of the same generation, not between a person and the parent's generation. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to focus solely on E as the cousin of B and K and then incorrectly transfer that cousin label to describe A's relation to E. Remember that relationships depend on generation differences as well as shared ancestors. Another pitfall is confusing sister-in-law with aunt; sister-in-law describes relations between adults of the same generation, whereas aunt describes the relation between that generation and the next generation. Final Answer: A is related to E as his aunt.

Question 8

If M is the sister of Z, Z is the wife of P and P is the son of A, how is Z related to A?

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Introduction / Context: This is a direct relationship chain question. You are given that M is the sister of Z, Z is the wife of P and P is the son of A. The task is simply to determine how Z is related to A. The test checks whether you can follow the line of marriage and parent–child relationships to reach the correct in-law term. Given Data / Assumptions: - M is the sister of Z. - Z is the wife of P. - P is the son of A. - All relationships are standard and there are no hidden complications. Concept / Approach: We only need to see how P connects A and Z. P is A's son and Z's husband. The woman who is married to one's son is one's daughter-in-law. So from A's point of view, Z is the daughter-in-law. It does not matter that M is Z's sister; that line is extra information and does not affect the Z–A relationship. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify P as the son of A. So A is P's parent. Step 2: Z is given as the wife of P. So Z is married to A's son. Step 3: The wife of one's son is called one's daughter-in-law. Step 4: Therefore, from A's perspective, Z is his or her daughter-in-law. Step 5: M being the sister of Z does not change the relationship between Z and A, so it can be safely ignored for the main question. Verification / Alternative check: Visualise a simple family tree. At the top, A has a son P. P is married to Z. If we add M as Z's sister, she is connected sideways to Z but not directly to A. From A's viewpoint, the line is A → P (son) → Z (son's wife). Every such case is labelled daughter-in-law. This matches everyday usage and standard reasoning in verbal reasoning questions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Daughter: A daughter is a female child of A, but Z is a spouse of A's child, not a child herself. - Wife: A's wife would be P's mother, already a different person implied by the family structure. - Mother: Z is younger in the generation below A and cannot be A's mother. - Sister: A sister shares parents with you. There is no indication that Z and A have the same parents. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes students get distracted by extra information such as M is the sister of Z and try to force M into the relationship with A. However, the question asks only about Z's relation to A. Another pitfall is to confuse the directions of relations, for example calling A Z's father-in-law and then incorrectly labelling Z as mother-in-law. Always read carefully from the perspective requested: how Z relates to A, not how A relates to Z. Final Answer: Z is A's daughter-in-law.

Question 9

Chanda is the wife of Bharat, and Mohan is the son of Chanda. Ashish is the brother of Bharat and the father of Dhruv. How is Mohan related to Dhruv?

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Introduction / Context: This question describes two brothers, Bharat and Ashish, and their respective children, Mohan and Dhruv. You must determine how Mohan is related to Dhruv. The scenario is a classic example of a cousin relationship: children of two brothers (or of two sisters, or of a brother and a sister) are cousins. Given Data / Assumptions: - Chanda is the wife of Bharat. - Mohan is the son of Chanda (and therefore of Bharat). - Ashish is the brother of Bharat. - Dhruv is the son of Ashish. - All relationships are standard; there is no adoption or remarriage mentioned. Concept / Approach: The main idea is that Bharat and Ashish are brothers, so they are siblings in the same generation. Their children form the next generation. Children of siblings are cousins. Hence, Mohan (Bharat's son) and Dhruv (Ashish's son) are cousins. Since the question specifically asks how Mohan is related to Dhruv, we answer that Mohan is Dhruv's cousin. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recognise that Bharat and Ashish are brothers, which puts them in the same generation and with the same parents. Step 2: Chanda is married to Bharat, and their child is Mohan. So Mohan is Bharat's son. Step 3: Dhruv is the son of Ashish, the brother of Bharat. Step 4: Mohan is the child of Bharat, and Dhruv is the child of Ashish. Because Bharat and Ashish are brothers, Mohan and Dhruv are children of two siblings. Step 5: Children of siblings are cousins. Therefore, Mohan is Dhruv's cousin. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a family tree: place Bharat and Ashish as two brothers on one level. Below Bharat and his wife Chanda, place Mohan. Below Ashish, place Dhruv. From Mohan's viewpoint, Dhruv is the son of his father's brother. That is exactly the definition of a cousin. The direction is symmetric: from Dhruv's point of view, Mohan is also his cousin. No other close relation fits this exact structure. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Sister: Mohan is male and is from a different nuclear family, so he cannot be Dhruv's sister. - Brother: A brother shares parents with you; Mohan and Dhruv have different fathers. - Mother: Mohan is not only of a different gender but also of a younger generation relative to Bharat and Ashish, so he cannot be Dhruv's mother. - Uncle: An uncle is a sibling of a parent or the spouse of an aunt, a generation above. Mohan is in the same generation as Dhruv, not above him. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes candidates overlook the phrase Ashish is the brother of Bharat and focus only on the children, leading to incorrect ideas such as Mohan being a brother to Dhruv. Another common error is to misinterpret wife of Bharat and father of Dhruv as implying a more complex relationship. Always remember that once two adults are identified as siblings, their children are cousins unless stated otherwise. Final Answer: Mohan is related to Dhruv as his cousin.

Question 10

Pointing to the lady in the photograph, Seema said, 'Her son's father is the son-in-law of my mother.' How is Seema related to the lady?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a slightly tricky blood relation puzzle involving a photograph, a son's father and the phrase son-in-law of my mother. Seema must determine how she is related to the lady in the photograph. The crucial observation is that my mother's son-in-law is the husband of one of her daughters, which in a simple family structure is normally interpreted as the speaker's own husband. From there, you can see how the lady fits in. Given Data / Assumptions: - Speaker: Seema. - There is a lady in the photograph. - The lady has a son; his father is the lady's husband. - The son's father is described as the son-in-law of Seema's mother. - The usual exam assumption is that my mother's son-in-law refers to the husband of the speaker (if no sisters are mentioned). Concept / Approach: Let us call the lady L and her husband H. L's son's father is H. The statement says H is the son-in-law of Seema's mother, meaning H is married to one of Seema's mother's daughters. In a minimal family, the only such daughter mentioned is Seema herself, so H is Seema's husband. If L's husband is Seema's husband, then L and Seema are both married to the same man, which is not the usual intended exam interpretation. Instead, the standard reading is that the lady herself is Seema or, more naturally here, that the lady is Seema's sister, whose husband is also a son-in-law of Seema's mother. However, a son-in-law of my mother can be the husband of any of her daughters, including Seema's sister. In that more natural reading, L is Seema's sister. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Let the lady in the photograph be L. Her son's father is her husband H. Step 2: The statement Her son's father is the son-in-law of my mother means H is a son-in-law of Seema's mother. A son-in-law of Seema's mother is the husband of any of her daughters. Step 3: Seema is one daughter of her mother. It is also possible that Seema has at least one sister. In that case, the husband of Seema's sister is also a son-in-law of Seema's mother. Step 4: In the intended standard reasoning, we avoid polygamous scenarios. Instead of assuming H is married to both Seema and the lady, we take H as the husband of Seema's sister. Then the lady L is that sister. Step 5: Therefore, from Seema's perspective, the lady in the photograph is her sister. Verification / Alternative check: Construct a family where Seema's mother has two daughters: Seema and her sister L. L is married to H, and they have a son. For the son, H is the father. From Seema's mother's viewpoint, H is the husband of her daughter L, so H is indeed a son-in-law. This matches Seema's description that the lady's son's father is the son-in-law of my mother. In this clean and consistent setup, L is unambiguously Seema's sister. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Mother: If L were Seema's mother, then L's husband would be Seema's father, who is not normally described as son-in-law of my mother but as her husband. - Cousin: No cousins or siblings of Seema's mother are mentioned; the relation runs directly through daughters and their husbands. - Aunt: An aunt would be a sister of Seema's mother or the wife of her brother. That does not match the description of the husband being my mother's son-in-law. - Daughter: For L to be Seema's daughter, the son's father would be Seema's son-in-law, not Seema's mother's son-in-law. Common Pitfalls: The main pitfall is to assume that my mother's son-in-law must be my own husband, leading to an unrealistic interpretation where Seema and the lady share a husband. Verbal reasoning questions typically avoid such complications and instead imply that a son-in-law can be married to any daughter, including a sister of the speaker. Keeping this in mind, and remembering that someone whose husband is a son-in-law of your mother is likely your sister, leads to the correct answer. Final Answer: Seema is related to the lady in the photograph as her sister.

Question 11

Sandeep has a brother named Ankur. Sandeep is the son of Kishan, and Baljor is Kishan's father. How is Ankur related to Baljor?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question mirrors a standard three-generation family structure. You have a grandfather (Baljor), his son (Kishan) and Kishan's sons (Sandeep and Ankur). The task is to identify the relationship between Ankur and Baljor. It is a simple generational reasoning question designed to reinforce the concept of grandchildren. Given Data / Assumptions: - Sandeep has a brother called Ankur. - Sandeep is the son of Kishan. - Baljor is Kishan's father. - All relationships follow a basic father–son pattern. Concept / Approach: Kishan is the son of Baljor, and Ankur is a son of Kishan (because he is Sandeep's brother and Sandeep is Kishan's son). A person who is the child of your child is your grandchild. Therefore, Ankur is the grandson of Baljor. We just need to confirm that there is no reason to choose father, brother or son instead. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recognise that Kishan is directly described as the son of Baljor. Step 2: Sandeep is given as the son of Kishan, which makes Sandeep a grandson of Baljor. Step 3: Ankur is the brother of Sandeep, so Ankur shares the same parents as Sandeep in this typical context. Step 4: Therefore, Ankur is also a son of Kishan. Step 5: Since Ankur is Kishan's son and Kishan is Baljor's son, Ankur is a grandson of Baljor. Verification / Alternative check: Create a simple diagram: put Baljor at the top, Kishan below him as his son, and Sandeep and Ankur below Kishan as siblings. Both Sandeep and Ankur are two generations below Baljor. This generational distance indicates they are grandchildren, not children, brothers or uncles. Thus, Ankur is unambiguously a grandson of Baljor. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Brother: A brother of Baljor would share parents with him, which is not indicated here. - Son: Kishan is clearly the son of Baljor; Ankur is one generation further down. - Grandfather: A grandfather would be one generation above, but Ankur is two generations below Baljor, not above. - Uncle: An uncle is a sibling of a parent. Ankur is the child of Kishan, not the sibling of Kishan. Common Pitfalls: Because the question states Sandeep has a brother named Ankur, some examinees focus on the relationship between the two brothers and forget to track the generations up to Baljor. Another pitfall is to confuse whose father is whose and mistakenly call Ankur a son instead of a grandson. Always check how many steps of parenthood separate two people; here, there are two steps (Baljor → Kishan → Ankur), which defines the grandparent–grandchild relationship. Final Answer: Ankur is Baljor's grandson.

Question 12

Preeti is the daughter of Rajesh and Amit is the son of Ankita. Rajesh is the only son of Rajan, and Ankita is the daughter-in-law of Rajan. How is Preeti related to Amit?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question describes a family around Rajan, his only son Rajesh and a daughter-in-law Ankita. Their children are Preeti and Amit. You must determine how Preeti is related to Amit. The puzzle tests whether you can recognise that when a man has only one son and one daughter-in-law, those two must be married to each other, and their children are siblings, not cousins. Given Data / Assumptions: - Preeti is the daughter of Rajesh. - Amit is the son of Ankita. - Rajesh is the only son of Rajan. - Ankita is the daughter-in-law of Rajan. - Standard one-marriage, one-family assumptions are used. Concept / Approach: If Rajesh is the only son of Rajan and Ankita is the daughter-in-law of Rajan, Ankita must be married to Rajesh, because that is the only way she can be a daughter-in-law when Rajan has only one son. Therefore, Preeti and Amit, being children of Rajesh and Ankita respectively, share the same parents. Children of the same parents are siblings. Since Preeti is the daughter and Amit is the son, Preeti is Amit's sister. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Note that Rajesh is described as the only son of Rajan. There is no other son. Step 2: Ankita is the daughter-in-law of Rajan. A daughter-in-law of Rajan must be married to his son. Step 3: Because Rajesh is Rajan's only son, Ankita must be married to Rajesh. That is how she becomes Rajan's daughter-in-law. Step 4: Preeti is given as the daughter of Rajesh. Under the marriage we just established, she is Rajesh and Ankita's daughter. Step 5: Amit is given as the son of Ankita. Since Ankita is married to Rajesh, Amit is also a child of Rajesh. Therefore, Amit and Preeti share the same parents. Step 6: When two people share both parents, they are siblings. With Preeti female and Amit male, Preeti is Amit's sister. Verification / Alternative check: Draw the family tree: place Rajan at the top. Below him, put his only son Rajesh, and next to Rajesh place Ankita as his wife. Under Rajesh and Ankita, draw two children: Preeti (daughter) and Amit (son). In this picture, Preeti and Amit are clearly in the same generation and from the same parents, making them siblings. There is no room for them to be cousins or aunt–nephew because those would require different parents or different generations. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Mother: Preeti is given as a daughter in the same generation as Amit, not as his parent. - Cousin: Cousins come from different parents who are siblings, but Preeti and Amit share the same parents. - Aunt: An aunt would be of an older generation, a sibling of a parent. Preeti is in Amit's generation. - Niece: A niece would be the daughter of a sibling or sibling-in-law, again implying a generational gap. Common Pitfalls: A common confusion is to read daughter-in-law of Rajan and imagine Ankita as married to some other son of Rajan, thus treating Preeti and Amit as cousins. However, the phrase only son of Rajan completely removes this ambiguity: Rajesh is the only candidate for Ankita's husband. Another mistake is not checking that both Preeti and Amit must share both parents once the marriage is fixed. Carefully identifying the spouse of the only son is the key step. Final Answer: Preeti is Amit's sister.

Question 13

Introducing a girl, Ankit says, 'She is the sister of the son of my mother's sister.' How is the girl related to Ankit?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question deals with maternal relatives and cousin relationships. Ankit introduces a girl through the phrase sister of the son of my mother's sister. You must follow the chain from Ankit's mother to her sister, then to that sister's children, and then determine how the girl is related to Ankit. The focus is on recognising the children of one's aunt as cousins. Given Data / Assumptions: - Reference person: Ankit. - Ankit's mother has a sister (Ankit's maternal aunt). - This maternal aunt has a son. - The girl introduced is the sister of that son. - So the girl and the aunt's son are both children of Ankit's maternal aunt. Concept / Approach: My mother's sister is my maternal aunt. Her son is my cousin (male). The girl is the sister of this cousin and is also the daughter of my maternal aunt. Children of your aunt are your cousins. Therefore, the girl is Ankit's cousin. It is important not to confuse this with a niece or sister, which would require a different set of parents. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify my mother's sister as Ankit's maternal aunt. Step 2: The son of Ankit's maternal aunt is Ankit's cousin (male), because he is the child of Ankit's aunt. Step 3: The girl mentioned is the sister of that son. Thus she is also a child of Ankit's maternal aunt. Step 4: All children of an aunt (or uncle) are cousins to you. Therefore, the girl is also Ankit's cousin. Step 5: The question asks for the girl's relationship to Ankit. So the correct answer is cousin. Verification / Alternative check: Draw the family tree: at the top, put Ankit's maternal grandparents. Their children include Ankit's mother and her sister. From the sister branch, draw two children: the son and the girl. From Ankit's mother branch, draw Ankit. Ankit and both children of the maternal aunt share the same grandparents but have different parents, making them all first cousins. This picture leaves no doubt that the correct relationship is cousin. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Niece: A niece would be the daughter of Ankit's sibling, not the daughter of his maternal aunt. - Daughter: The girl would need to have Ankit as a father, which is not suggested anywhere. - Sister: A sister shares parents with you; the girl has a different mother (Ankit's aunt). - Aunt: An aunt is a sibling of a parent or the wife of an uncle, which describes Ankit's mother's sister, not her children. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes see my mother's sister and jump to calling the girl an aunt without finishing the chain my mother's sister's son's sister. Another pitfall is confusing children of aunts and uncles with nieces and nephews. The direction matters: nieces and nephews are children of your siblings; cousins are children of your aunts and uncles. Keeping this direction straight ensures you identify the girl as a cousin. Final Answer: The girl introduced by Ankit is his cousin.

Question 14

Jatin, Kamal and Navin are three mountaineers. Jatin is Kamal's brother. Kamal is Navin's brother. Navin is not Jatin's brother. Therefore, Navin is Jatin's brother. What is the truth value of this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a logical reasoning question framed as a statement about three mountaineers: Jatin, Kamal and Navin. You are given several premises about who is whose brother and then a conclusion that Navin is Jatin's brother. Your task is to decide whether this conclusion is true, false, probably false or indeterminate. The key is to see that the conclusion directly contradicts one of the given premises. Given Data / Assumptions: - Jatin, Kamal and Navin are three mountaineers. - Jatin is Kamal's brother. - Kamal is Navin's brother. - Navin is not Jatin's brother. - Conclusion stated: Therefore, Navin is Jatin's brother. Concept / Approach: In logical reasoning, a conclusion must be consistent with the premises. If the conclusion explicitly denies a premise or is the exact opposite of it, then the conclusion is certainly false under the assumption that the premises are true. Here, one premise says Navin is not Jatin's brother and the conclusion claims Navin is Jatin's brother. Both statements cannot be true simultaneously, so the conclusion must be false. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From Jatin is Kamal's brother and Kamal is Navin's brother, you might be tempted to think that brotherhood is transitive, i.e., if Jatin is Kamal's brother and Kamal is Navin's brother, then Jatin is Navin's brother. Step 2: However, the next given premise directly says Navin is not Jatin's brother. This is a clear statement that the relation brother does not hold between Navin and Jatin. Step 3: The conclusion Therefore, Navin is Jatin's brother contradicts this premise. A valid conclusion should follow logically from the premises, not oppose them. Step 4: Under standard reasoning, we accept all given premises as true for the purpose of evaluating the conclusion. Since one premise states that Navin is not Jatin's brother, any conclusion asserting that Navin is Jatin's brother must be considered false. Step 5: Therefore, the truth value of the conclusion is false, not probably false or can't say. Verification / Alternative check: Suppose, for the sake of argument, that the conclusion were true and Navin is Jatin's brother. Then the statement Navin is not Jatin's brother would be false, which contradicts the given information we must treat as true. Since the set of premises includes a direct denial of the conclusion, there is no interpretation where all premises and the conclusion can hold together. This is the hallmark of a false conclusion in such a puzzle. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - True: The conclusion cannot be true because it says the opposite of one of the premises. - Probably false: There is no probability or uncertainty here; we have a direct logical contradiction, so it is definitely false. - Can't say: We can say with certainty, because the premises include an explicit statement about the relation between Navin and Jatin. - None of these: Incorrect, because false is already provided and is the correct classification. Common Pitfalls: A subtle trap is over-relying on everyday intuition that if A is a brother of B and B is a brother of C, then A should be a brother of C. In logic puzzles, you must stick strictly to the given premises. Furthermore, even if brotherhood were transitive in this context, the explicit statement Navin is not Jatin's brother overrides such assumptions. Another pitfall is ignoring negative statements, which in fact are crucial here. Final Answer: The conclusion Therefore, Navin is Jatin's brother is false.

Question 15

Introducing a man to her husband, a woman said, 'This man's father is the only son of my grandfather.' How is the woman related to this man?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This blood relation question is about a woman introducing a man to her husband. She describes the man's father as the only son of her grandfather. You must deduce how she is related to the man. The key point is that the only son of my grandfather is normally my father, so if the man's father is that person, then the man is my brother. Given Data / Assumptions: - Speaker: a woman. - She is talking about a man and introducing him to her husband. - She says: This man's father is the only son of my grandfather. - Only son of my grandfather is interpreted as her father in the usual exam convention. - Standard family structure is assumed. Concept / Approach: First identify who my grandfather's only son is. If a woman speaks of her grandfather and says he has only one son, that son must be her father (because she is his granddaughter). The man's father is this only son, meaning the man's father and the woman's father are the same person. Two people who share the same father (and usually also the same mother in these puzzles) are siblings. Since the speaker is a woman, she is the man's sister. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Let G be the woman's grandfather. G's only son is mentioned in the statement. Step 2: Because G has only one son and the speaker is his granddaughter, that son must be her father. There is no other male child for G. Step 3: The statement says that this man's father is the only son of my grandfather. Therefore, the man's father is that same person, the woman's father. Step 4: If two people have the same father, they are siblings in the basic puzzle model. Step 5: The speaker is a woman, so she is the man's sister, and the man is her brother. Verification / Alternative check: Draw a simple diagram: put the grandfather at the top. He has one son F. F has at least two children: the woman and the man she is introducing. Both children are in the same generation and share the same father F. In such a diagram, the relation between the woman and the man is always brother–sister. Since the question asks how the woman is related to the man, the correct term is sister. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - Mother: The woman shares a father with the man, so she is not in the generation above him. - Aunt: An aunt would be a sister of the man's father, but here she is a child of that father, not his sibling. - Daughter: For her to be his daughter, the man would need to be her father, which contradicts the generational structure. - Cousin: Cousins share grandparents but have different parents; here, they share the same father, not just grandparents. Common Pitfalls: A typical mistake is to misinterpret only son of my grandfather as a generic uncle rather than the father. However, since the speaker is a granddaughter and no other children of the grandfather are mentioned, the most direct and intended reading is that the only son is her father. Another pitfall is to focus on the phrase to her husband and wonder if the man could be related by marriage, but that clause is just narrative and does not change the blood relationship being described. Final Answer: The woman is the man's sister.

Question 16

In a family relation puzzle, it is given that (i) M is the brother of N, (ii) B is also a brother of N, and (iii) M is the brother of D. Based on these statements alone, which of the following relationships is definitely true?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This verbal reasoning question is about blood relations, where you must decide which statement is definitely true from a set of given family relationships. Such questions are common in aptitude and competitive exams, and they test whether you can distinguish between what is possible and what is guaranteed by the information. Given Data / Assumptions: M is the brother of N. This means M is male and M and N are siblings. B is the brother of N. This means B is male and B and N are siblings. M is the brother of D. This means M is male and M and D are siblings. Unless otherwise stated, reasoning questions normally assume that all siblings mentioned as brothers of the same person are part of the same nuclear family. Concept / Approach:The key idea is to understand what is certain and what is only possible. From the data, M and B are both described as brothers of N, so they are male children of N's parents. Under standard exam assumptions, this means M and B share the same parents and are therefore brothers of each other. The gender of N and D is not specified, so any option that tries to label them as brothers is not definitely true. We must pick the one relationship that follows inevitably from the shared parentage and given brother statements. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From M is brother of N, conclude that M and N are siblings and that M is male.Step 2: From B is brother of N, conclude that B and N are siblings and that B is male.Step 3: In typical blood relation puzzles, when two people are brothers of the same person, they are treated as children of the same parents unless explicitly told otherwise.Step 4: Therefore, M and B are both sons of N's parents and hence are brothers of each other.Step 5: This makes the statement M is brother of B definitely true. Verification / Alternative check:Imagine a simple family: parents P1 and P2 have three children N, M and B. M is a brother of N, and B is also a brother of N. It is automatically true that M and B are brothers of each other. Now add D as another child of the same parents to satisfy M is brother of D. The relationship between N and D or the exact gender of N and D is not fixed by the statements, but the relationship between M and B as brothers remains guaranteed in every valid arrangement. Why Other Options Are Wrong:N is the brother of B is not definitely true because N's gender is never specified. N could be male or female.N is the brother of D is also uncertain: we do not know either N's gender or whether D and N are definitely siblings under stricter interpretations.D is the brother of M assumes that D is male, but the data only tell us that M is brother of D, not that D is a brother.B is the brother of D would be true only if we assume extra information about how D is connected to N and the parents. It is not explicitly guaranteed. Common Pitfalls:A frequent mistake is to assume that if B is brother of N, then N must also be brother of B. However, this reverses the gender information: the phrase brother of N describes B, not N. Another error is to over interpret M is brother of D and conclude that D must be male. In these questions, pay close attention to who is being described as brother or sister, and do not assign gender where it is not explicitly given. Focus on what is logically forced across all consistent family structures. Final Answer:The only relationship that is definitely true in all valid family structures is that M is the brother of B.

Question 17

Six members of a family A, B, C, D, E and F are travelling together. B is the son of C, but C is not the mother of B. A and C are a married couple. E is the brother of C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. Based on this information, who …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This family-based verbal reasoning question involves six people travelling together and several relational clues: who is married to whom, who is a son or daughter, and who is a brother. You are asked to identify the wife of E. Questions of this type test your ability to build a mental family tree and then see which relationships are fixed and which remain unknown. Given Data / Assumptions: B is the son of C, and C is explicitly not the mother of B, so C must be B's father. A and C are a married couple, so A is the wife of C and the mother of B. E is the brother of C, so E is male and a sibling in the elder generation. D is the daughter of A, so D is a child of A and C. F is the brother of B, so F is another son of C (and A). No extra information is given about E's marital status or the identity of E's spouse. Concept / Approach:The strategy is to first place the married couple and the children, and then see what is known about E. From the clues, the only confirmed married couple is A and C. A is the wife of C, and C is the father of B and F. D is their daughter. E is a brother of C, meaning he is in the same generation as C and A's husband's side, but there is no statement about whether E is married at all, and if he is, who his wife is. Because the puzzle does not connect any of the remaining family members to E as a spouse, the correct conclusion is that E's wife cannot be determined. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From B is the son of C but C is not the mother of B, conclude that C is the father of B and is male.Step 2: From A and C are a married couple, infer that A is the wife of C.Step 3: From E is the brother of C, deduce that E is male and is C's sibling in the same elder generation.Step 4: D is the daughter of A, so D is a child of A and C, along with B and F.Step 5: Looking at all statements, none mentions E's wife or describes any woman as being married to E.Step 6: Therefore, the identity of E's wife cannot be deduced from the information provided. Verification / Alternative check:Try to force each option as the wife of E and see whether any contradiction occurs. If A is taken as E's wife, that clashes with the explicit statement that A and C are a married couple. If F or C are assumed to be E's wife, that fails immediately because F and C are male. Option C, E, is self marriage, which is impossible in this logic setting. That leaves only the possibility that there is some other woman, not mentioned in the question, who could be E's wife, or that E might be unmarried. Both possibilities are compatible with the clues. Hence, the puzzle does not give enough data to name his wife from the listed family members. Why Other Options Are Wrong:A cannot be E's wife because she is already explicitly married to C.F is male and is described as the brother of B, so F cannot be a wife.E obviously cannot be his own wife.C is male and is the husband of A, not of E. Common Pitfalls:A common error is to assume that because E is in the elder generation, his wife must also be one of the named members travelling together. However, the question never states that all spouses of every person are included in the travel group. Another mistake is to overlook the explicit marriage between A and C and accidentally pair A with E. Always respect the direct relationship statements before making any guesses. Final Answer:The information is insufficient to identify E's wife, so the correct choice is Can't be determined.

Question 18

In a family, A is the father of X and B is the mother of Y. The sister of both X and Z is Y. Based on this information, which of the following statements is definitely not true?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This blood relation question asks you to identify which statement is definitely not true, given a set of family relationships. The twist is that some of the options may or may not be true depending on additional, unstated details, while one option clearly contradicts the information provided. You must focus particularly on gender clues embedded in words like father, mother and sister. Given Data / Assumptions: A is the father of X, so A is male and a parent of X. B is the mother of Y, so B is female and a parent of Y. The sister of X and Z is Y. This means Y is female and is a sister to both X and Z. X and Z are siblings of Y; they share at least one common parent with Y. No explicit information is given about the father or mother of Z or about the gender of X and Z. Concept / Approach:The phrase the sister of X and Z is Y fixes Y's gender as female. Therefore, any statement that calls Y a son directly conflicts with that information. The other options involve possible parental or sibling relationships that are not contradicted by the given data and could be true in some valid family structure. Our job is to separate the absolutely impossible from the merely uncertain. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From the sister of X and Z is Y, conclude that Y is female.Step 2: Because B is the mother of Y, B is female and a parent of Y. Y's father is not identified; he could be A or another person.Step 3: Since Y is a sister to X and Z, X and Z share at least one parent with Y, but it is not specified whether they share both parents or just one.Step 4: Examine each statement to see whether it must be false or whether it might be true under some assumptions.Step 5: The statement Y is the son of N calls Y a son, which directly contradicts the established fact that Y is a sister and therefore female.Step 6: Hence, Y is the son of N is definitely not true. Verification / Alternative check:Try to construct a family tree. Let A and B be married, and let them have children X, Y and Z. This setup satisfies A is the father of X, B is the mother of Y and Y is the sister of X and Z. In this tree, B is indeed the wife of A, so option B is the wife of A could be true. It is also possible that B is the mother of Z and that X is the sister of Z if X is taken to be female. Z is clearly a child of A if A and B are both parents. None of these statements contradicts the given information. However, in every such construction, Y is a daughter of her parents, never a son. Therefore, the claim that Y is the son of N fails in all valid arrangements. Why Other Options Are Wrong as the "definitely not true" choice:B is the mother of Z may or may not be true depending on whether Z shares both parents with Y; it is not ruled out by the data.X is the sister of Z can be true if X is female; the data do not specify X's gender, so this is only uncertain, not impossible.B is the wife of A is a natural and consistent assumption in many family structures that fit the clues.Z is the child of A is also compatible with a structure where A and B are parents of all three children. Common Pitfalls:Many learners treat all uncertain statements as definitely false, even though the puzzle only asks which one is definitely not true. The correct approach is to look for a direct gender or role contradiction. Here, the trap is not noticing that the word sister already fixes Y as female, making it impossible for her to be a son in any valid scenario. Always pay careful attention to words like son, daughter, brother and sister, as they carry both relationship and gender information. Final Answer:The only statement that directly contradicts the given information is Y is the son of N, so that is definitely not true.

Question 19

All six members of a family A, B, C, D, E and F are travelling together. B is the son of C, but C is not the mother of B. A and C are a married couple. E is the brother of C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. Based on this information, …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This family reasoning question asks you to determine the number of male members in a six-member family, given a set of relationships and gender clues. These problems test your ability to combine statements like son, daughter, brother and married couple into a consistent family structure and then count how many people are male. Given Data / Assumptions: B is the son of C, and C is not the mother of B. Therefore, C is the father of B and is male. A and C are a married couple, so A is the spouse of C. Since C is male, A is his wife and female. E is the brother of C, so E is male. D is the daughter of A, so D is a female child of A (and C). F is the brother of B, so F is male. B is explicitly called the son of C, so B is male. Concept / Approach:The plan is to assign gender step by step using words like son, daughter and brother, then count all the males. Son and brother both indicate males, while daughter and wife indicate females. Once you mark all six family members as male or female, the count of male members can be read off directly. The key is not to overcomplicate the family tree: the question is about counting genders, not deducing further relationships. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From B is the son of C and C is not the mother, conclude that C is male (the father) and B is male (the son).Step 2: From A and C are a married couple, and C is male, infer that A is the female spouse, so A is female.Step 3: From E is the brother of C, conclude that E is male.Step 4: From D is the daughter of A, deduce that D is female.Step 5: From F is the brother of B, conclude that F is male.Step 6: Now list genders: A (female), B (male), C (male), D (female), E (male), F (male). There are four males in total. Verification / Alternative check:Check that no hidden assumption changes the gender count. A can only be female because she is the wife in a married couple where C is the father. B and F are explicitly called son and brother, so they must be male. C, being the father of B, is definitely male. E is labeled brother of C and is also male. D is explicitly a daughter and therefore female. No other interpretations are possible if the clues are read correctly, so the distribution of two females and four males is fixed. Why Other Options Are Wrong:1 and 2 males are far too low; we already have C and B as males, and the words brother add more.3 males would require treating one of the clearly male-labeled members (B, C, E, F) as non-male, which contradicts the text.5 males would require treating either A or D as male, which is impossible because they are wife and daughter respectively. Common Pitfalls:A typical mistake is to rush through the statements and miss that E is the brother of C or that F is the brother of B, thereby undercounting males. Another error is to misread C is not the mother of B and think C might still be female, which would break the logic. Always translate each role word carefully before counting. Final Answer:There are 4 male members in the family.

Question 20

All six members of a family A, B, C, D, E and F are travelling together. B is the son of C, but C is not the mother of B. A and C are a married couple. E is the brother of C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. Which of the following is a…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question builds on the same six-member family set-up and asks you to identify which pair of people are definitely female. It uses relationship words like son, daughter, brother and married couple to encode gender information. Your task is to decode these clues and pick the option where both listed members must be female. Given Data / Assumptions: B is the son of C, and C is not the mother of B, so C is the father (male) and B is a son (male). A and C are a married couple. Since C is male, A is his wife and therefore female. E is the brother of C, so E is male. D is the daughter of A, so D is female. F is the brother of B, so F is male. Concept / Approach:The key idea is to first determine the definite gender of each family member using only the information given. Once you know who is male and who is female, you can scan through the options and find the pair for which both members are female. Any option that contains even one definitively male member must be rejected. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Assign genders: C is the father (male), B is the son (male), A is the wife of C (female), E is the brother of C (male), D is the daughter of A (female), and F is the brother of B (male).Step 2: Summarise: A and D are female; B, C, E and F are male.Step 3: Evaluate each option:- Option A (A and E): A is female but E is male, so this is not a pair of females.- Option B (B and D): B is male, D is female, so not a pair of females.- Option C (D and F): D is female but F is male, so not correct.- Option D (A and D): both A and D are female, so this fits.- Option E (C and D): C is male and D is female, so not a pair of females. Verification / Alternative check:Double-check that there is no hidden ambiguity in genders. The words son, daughter and brother are gender specific, leaving no doubt for B, D, E and F. The phrase C is not the mother of B combined with B is the son of C forces C to be the father. Once C is male, A as the married partner becomes female. No alternative interpretation changes A or D from female to male, so A and D remain the only female pair. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Every other option includes at least one male (E, B, F or C), which violates the requirement that both members in the pair must be female.Even if you tried to reassign roles, the fixed gender words son, daughter and brother do not allow such flexibility. Common Pitfalls:Some candidates rush and see that A is female and appears in option A and option D, and then pick the first matching option without checking the second person in the pair. Others overlook that E is a brother and therefore male. Always check both names in a pair and make sure each is consistent with the gender clues. Final Answer:The only pair in which both members are definitely female is A and D.

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