Question 1

A man says to a lady, "Your mother's husband's sister is my aunt." In this standard blood relation test question, how is the lady related to the man?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This blood relation question requires careful decoding of a layered description. A man describes a woman related to the lady as my aunt. We must unwind expressions such as your mother's husband's sister and then connect that person to the speaker. Finally we must infer how the lady herself is related to the man. These types of questions are typical in competitive exams and demand a clear visualization of the family tree. Given Data / Assumptions:• The man is speaking to a lady.• He says that "your mother's husband's sister is my aunt."• Your mother's husband is the lady's father.• The sister of the lady's father is the lady's paternal aunt.• The same woman is called my aunt by the man, meaning she is a sister of one of his parents.• We assume a normal family structure with no hidden adoptions or remarriages. Concept / Approach:The key person in the puzzle is the woman who is both the sister of the lady's father and the man's aunt. If this woman is the sister of the man's father, then the man's father and the lady's father are brothers. That means the man and the lady are children of two brothers, which makes them first cousins. This is the simplest and most natural configuration that satisfies the given sentence completely. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Your mother's husband is the lady's father.Step 2: The sister of the lady's father is the lady's paternal aunt. Let us call this aunt X.Step 3: The man says that X is my aunt. That means X is the sister of either the man's father or the man's mother.Step 4: The simplest and most consistent assumption is that X is the sister of the man's father. Then the man's father and the lady's father are brothers.Step 5: If the lady's father and the man's father are brothers, the lady and the man are children of two brothers and therefore first cousins.Step 6: Hence the lady is the cousin of the man. Verification / Alternative Check:Imagine grandparents who have two sons, F1 and F2, and a daughter X. Let F1 be the man's father and F2 be the lady's father. X is the sister of F2 and therefore the lady's paternal aunt. X is also the sister of F1 and therefore the man's paternal aunt. This matches the statement exactly and places the man and the lady in the same generation as cousins. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Daughter of the man: This would place the lady one generation below the man, which contradicts the shared aunt configuration.Niece of the man: If the lady were his niece, her parent would be the man's sibling, which does not fit the description of the common aunt.Sister of the man: If they were siblings, they would share both parents and would not need the more complex aunt relationship described.Aunt of the man: This would place the lady one generation above him, which again conflicts with the given structure. Common Pitfalls:A frequent mistake is to treat the phrase your mother's husband's sister as the man's mother, which is incorrect. Another common error is to ignore that the same woman must fit simultaneously as the lady's paternal aunt and the man's aunt. Once that double role is recognized, the cousin relationship between the man and the lady becomes clear. Final Answer:The lady is the cousin of the man.

Question 2

Pointing to a girl in a photograph, Amar says, "Her mother's brother is the only son of my mother's father." In this blood relation test, how is the girl's mother related to Amar?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This family relation puzzle involves multiple levels of ancestry. Amar talks about a girl in a photograph and relates the girl's mother's brother to his own maternal grandfather. The challenge is to determine the link between the girl's mother and Amar. These types of problems check a candidate's ability to convert verbal descriptions into a clear family tree and then spot the correct relationship. Given Data / Assumptions:• Amar points to a girl in a photograph.• He states that the girl's mother's brother is the only son of Amar's mother's father.• Amar's mother's father is Amar's maternal grandfather.• The only son of Amar's maternal grandfather is Amar's maternal uncle.• The girl's mother's brother is the same person as that only son.• Normal family structure and terminology are assumed. Concept / Approach:We first identify the only son of Amar's maternal grandfather, who is Amar's maternal uncle. Then we note that this same person is the brother of the girl's mother. If a man is both Amar's maternal uncle and the brother of the girl's mother, then the girl's mother must be a sister of Amar's mother. A woman who is the sister of one's mother is a maternal aunt. Therefore, the girl's mother is Amar's aunt. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let G be Amar's maternal grandfather, that is, Amar's mother's father.Step 2: The only son of G is described in the statement. That son is Amar's maternal uncle.Step 3: Amar also says that this person is the girl's mother's brother.Step 4: If a man is the girl's mother's brother, then he and the girl's mother are siblings, both children of the same parents.Step 5: Since this brother is also the only son of Amar's maternal grandfather, the girl's mother must also be a child of Amar's maternal grandfather and therefore a sibling of Amar's mother.Step 6: A woman who is the sister of one's mother is one's maternal aunt, so the girl's mother is Amar's aunt. Verification / Alternative Check:Draw the tree: place Amar's maternal grandfather at the top. He has a daughter (Amar's mother) and one son (Amar's maternal uncle). The girl's mother is the sister of that son, so she is another daughter of the same grandfather, making her a sister of Amar's mother. This configuration precisely matches the description and confirms that the girl's mother is Amar's aunt. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Mother of Amar: That would require the girl's mother to be the same person as Amar's mother, which is not supported by the wording involving separate siblings.Sister of Amar: This would make the girl's mother a child of Amar's parents, which contradicts the involvement of Amar's maternal grandfather.Grandmother of Amar: A grandmother is one generation above Amar's mother, not a sibling of her.Cousin of Amar: A cousin would share grandparents with Amar but would not be placed one generation above him as the sibling of his mother. Common Pitfalls:Many candidates misread the phrase my mother's father and treat that person as Amar's father instead of his maternal grandfather. Another frequent mistake is to assume that the girl is Amar's sister, leading to confusion between mother and aunt. Keeping a clear separation between each generation and noting that the statement speaks of Amar's maternal grandfather's only son is essential. Final Answer:The girl's mother is the maternal aunt of Amar, that is, she is Amar's aunt.

Question 3

Rita tells Mani, "The girl I met yesterday at the beach was the youngest daughter of the brother in law of my friend's mother." In this blood relation test, how is that girl related to Rita's friend?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question describes a fairly long chain of relations involving Rita, her friend, the friend's mother and the mother's brother in law. The goal is to determine how the girl that Rita met at the beach is related to Rita's friend. Such questions check whether the candidate can patiently unravel terms like brother in law of my friend's mother and translate them into standard relationships like uncle and cousin. Given Data / Assumptions:• Rita has a friend; call the friend F.• F's mother has a brother in law.• The girl Rita met is the youngest daughter of this brother in law.• Brother in law of F's mother can be either her husband's brother or her sister's husband.• In both interpretations, the brother in law is an uncle type figure for F.• The girl is that uncle's daughter. Concept / Approach:We first understand who the brother in law of F's mother can be and then work out how his children are related to F. If the brother in law is the husband's brother, he is the paternal uncle of F. If he is the husband of the mother's sister, he is the maternal uncle of F by marriage. In both cases his daughter is the cousin of F. This symmetry shows that regardless of which side the brother in law comes from, the girl remains F's cousin. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let F be Rita's friend and M be F's mother.Step 2: The brother in law of M can be interpreted in two standard ways.Step 3: Case one: He is the brother of M's husband. In this case he is F's paternal uncle.Step 4: Case two: He is the husband of M's sister. In this case he is F's maternal uncle by marriage.Step 5: In both cases the man is an uncle of F, and his daughter is F's cousin.Step 6: The girl Rita met is the youngest daughter of this uncle, so she is a cousin of F. Verification / Alternative Check:Draw two small trees. In the first, place F's parents and F. Add the father's brother and that brother's daughter. The daughter is clearly F's cousin. In the second, place M's sister and her husband (the brother in law) and again add their daughter. She is still F's cousin. Since in both legitimate interpretations the result is the same, we can confidently say that the girl is F's cousin. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Daughter of Rita's friend: The girl would then be one generation below F and would not be described via the mother's brother in law.Niece of Rita's friend: Niece would require the girl to be the daughter of F's sibling, which is not indicated.Just a friend with no family relation: The chain of relations involving mother and brother in law clearly shows there is a family link.Sister of Rita's friend: A sister would normally be a daughter of F's parents, not of the mother's brother in law. Common Pitfalls:The main trap is getting stuck on the phrase brother in law and assuming it always refers to the husband's brother. Another common mistake is to stop halfway through the chain and not follow it all the way to the girl, leading to confusion between niece, cousin and sister. Carefully enumerating both standard meanings of brother in law and seeing that both lead to the cousin relationship is the safe way to handle such questions. Final Answer:The girl is the cousin of Rita's friend.

Question 4

Harsh looks at a portrait of a man and says, "His mother is the wife of my father's son. Brothers and sisters I have none." At whose portrait is Harsh looking in this classic blood relation riddle?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a classic puzzle with the phrase "Brothers and sisters I have none," which implies that the speaker is an only child. Harsh is describing a man in a portrait in terms of the man's mother and his own family position. The key is to unpack the expression my father's son and then use the information that Harsh has no siblings to find the exact relation between Harsh and the man in the portrait. Given Data / Assumptions:• Harsh is looking at a portrait of a man.• He says, "His mother is the wife of my father's son."• He also says, "Brothers and sisters I have none," meaning he is an only child.• My father's son therefore refers only to Harsh himself. Concept / Approach:The statement "my father's son" can refer either to the speaker or to one of his brothers. However, since Harsh clearly states that he has no brothers or sisters, the only son of his father is Harsh himself. Therefore, my father's son is Harsh. The woman described as the wife of my father's son is therefore Harsh's wife. If this woman is the mother of the man in the portrait, the man in the portrait must be Harsh's child, specifically his son. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From the sentence "Brothers and sisters I have none," conclude that Harsh is the only child of his parents.Step 2: The phrase "my father's son" can only refer to Harsh himself, because there are no other sons.Step 3: Harsh then says, "His mother is the wife of my father's son."Step 4: The wife of my father's son is the wife of Harsh, because Harsh is my father's only son.Step 5: If the woman is the mother of the man in the portrait, and she is Harsh's wife, then the man in the portrait is Harsh's child.Step 6: Since the portrait is of a man, this child is Harsh's son. Verification / Alternative Check:As a quick check, imagine Harsh, his wife and their son. Harsh's father is above them in the family tree. My father's son clearly refers to Harsh only. The wife of my father's son is Harsh's wife. Her son is Harsh's son. This matches the puzzle exactly and leaves no room for other interpretations once the only child clue is used. Why Other Options Are Wrong:His cousin: Cousins share grandparents but the description uses the speaker's direct spouse and child, not a cousin relationship.His uncle: If Harsh were the uncle, his father's son would have to be Harsh's brother, which contradicts the statement that he has no siblings.His nephew: That would require Harsh to have a sibling with a child, again impossible because Harsh has no brothers or sisters.His father: This reverses the relationship and does not fit the description where the man's mother is the wife of my father's son. Common Pitfalls:Many candidates forget to apply the condition that Harsh has no siblings and incorrectly assume that my father's son might refer to someone else. Another trap is to misread the phrase and treat the wife of my father's son as Harsh's mother rather than his wife. Keeping each phrase precise and using the only child condition resolves these confusions. Final Answer:Harsh is looking at the portrait of his own son.

Question 5

A, B, C, D, E, F and G are members of a family with four adults and three children. F and G are girls. A and D are brothers and A is a doctor. E is an engineer married to one of the brothers and has two children. B is married to D and G is their chi…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a typical family arrangement puzzle mixing professions, genders and relations. We are told about seven family members, their occupations, marriages and children. The final question asks us to identify who C is. Solving this requires systematically assigning adults and children and then fitting each clue so that all conditions, including the counts of adults and children, are satisfied. Given Data / Assumptions:• Family members are A, B, C, D, E, F and G.• There are four adults and three children.• F and G are girls.• A and D are brothers and A is a doctor.• E is an engineer, married to one of the brothers, and has two children.• B is married to D and G is their child.• We assume that adults are the two married couples and one additional adult if needed, and that children are exactly three members. Concept / Approach:We first identify the four adults and three children. Since E is married to one of the brothers and has two children, and B is married to D with G as their child, we can deduce that A and D are the two brothers, E and B are their spouses, and F, G and C must be the three children. Then we decide which children belong to which couple. The puzzle states that E has two children, and G is specified as the child of B and D. Thus E and A must have the remaining two children F and C. That makes C the son or daughter of A. Since F and G are already given as girls, C is naturally treated as A's son to maintain a typical distribution and to match the option that asks who C is. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Adults must be A, B, D and E, because A and D are brothers, E is an engineer and B is married to D.Step 2: Children must then be C, F and G, the remaining three members.Step 3: It is given that E is married to one of the brothers and has two children. Since B is married to D, E must be married to A.Step 4: B and D have one child, G. Therefore the remaining two children must belong to A and E.Step 5: F is explicitly mentioned as a girl and G is also a girl, so C is the remaining child of A and E and is naturally taken as their son.Step 6: Hence C is best described as the son of A. Verification / Alternative Check:Create a table: adults A (doctor), D (brother), B (spouse of D), E (engineer spouse of A); children C, F, G. E must have two children, so A and E have C and F. B and D have G. This satisfies four adults and three children. F and G are already given as girls; C is the remaining child and is commonly taken as male to fit the role son of A in the given options. All clues now align perfectly. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Daughter of E: Although C is a child of A and E, F is more naturally identified as a daughter, and the option that fits C more precisely is son of A.Father of F: F is a child, and the father must be A, not C.Brother of G: C and G belong to different couples, and nothing in the statements forces C to be G's brother.Unrelated outsider: All seven letters represent family members, so C cannot be an outsider. Common Pitfalls:A common error is to miscount adults and children or to assume that F, G and C all belong to the same parents. Candidates may also forget that E has exactly two children and B and D already have G, forcing the remaining two children to be with A and E. Once this is recognized, identifying C as A's son becomes straightforward. Final Answer:C is the son of A.

Question 6

In a family of six members P, Q, R, S, T and U, there are two married couples. Q is a doctor and the father of T. U is the grandfather of R and a contractor. S is the grandmother of T and a housewife. There is one doctor, one contractor, one nurse, …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This reasoning question combines family roles and professions. The family has exactly six members with specified occupations and relationships. The task is not to assign every role, but to identify which pair of members is definitely male. The question tests whether you can distinguish between information that fixes gender and information that leaves gender ambiguous. Given Data / Assumptions:• Family members are P, Q, R, S, T and U.• There are two married couples.• Q is a doctor and the father of T, so Q is male.• U is the grandfather of R and is a contractor, so U is male.• S is the grandmother of T and is a housewife, so S is female.• There is one doctor, one contractor, one nurse, one housewife and two students in total.• No gender is specified for P, R or T. Concept / Approach:We must pick the option that contains only those family members whose gender is certain from the statements. Q is explicitly called the father of T, making Q male. U is explicitly the grandfather of R, making U male. S is clearly female. The genders of P, R and T remain unknown, even though their roles or studies might be inferable as nurse or student. Therefore, any option that includes P, R or T cannot be guaranteed to be all male. Only the combination that lists Q and U together and no one else is certainly male. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Mark Q as male because he is the father of T.Step 2: Mark U as male because he is described as the grandfather of R.Step 3: Mark S as female because she is the grandmother of T and a housewife.Step 4: Note that no statement clearly tells us the gender of P, R or T.Step 5: Evaluate the answer options and eliminate any option that includes P, R or T, because their gender is not guaranteed.Step 6: The only option that contains only definitely male members is Q and U. Verification / Alternative Check:Even if we try to assign roles like nurse or student, these roles do not fix gender. For example, P could be the nurse, and R and T could be students, but there is no statement that these roles must be male or female. No assignment contradicts the idea that P, R or T might be female. Therefore we cannot safely place any of them in a definitely male pair. Q and U remain the only fully certain male members. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Q, U and T: T's gender is not given, so this group cannot be said to be all male.Q, U and P: P's gender is also not specified, so this option is uncertain.U and T: Again T could be male or female; the question demands a definitely male group.P and U: U is male but P may not be, so this cannot be guaranteed. Common Pitfalls:Some candidates assume traditional stereotypes, such as nurse being female or doctor being male, to infer gender. However, modern exam questions intentionally avoid such assumptions and rely only on explicit statements like father or grandmother. It is important not to introduce stereotypes when the problem does not specify gender explicitly. Final Answer:The pair that definitely consists of male members is Q and U.

Question 7

In this blood relation problem, P's father is described as the son of Q. M is the paternal uncle of P and N is the brother of Q. How is N related to M?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This logical reasoning question revolves around a three generation family structure. We know how P's father is related to Q and how M and N fit around them. The task is to determine the relationship between two older members, N and M. These problems test whether the candidate can identify common ancestors and then place everyone correctly in the generational tree. Given Data / Assumptions:• P's father is the son of Q.• M is the paternal uncle of P, so M is a brother of P's father.• N is the brother of Q.• Normal family structure with no skipped generations is assumed. Concept / Approach:The first step is to place Q and P's father. If P's father is the son of Q, then Q is the parent of P's father. Since M is the paternal uncle of P, he is a brother of P's father and therefore another child of Q. This makes both M and P's father children of Q. N is described as the brother of Q, which means N is one generation above Q's children, so N is an uncle to Q's children. Since M is one of those children, N is the uncle of M. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: P's father is a son of Q. So Q is one generation above P's father.Step 2: M is a paternal uncle of P; hence M is a brother of P's father.Step 3: If M is a brother of P's father, and P's father is a son of Q, M must also be a child of Q.Step 4: Thus Q has at least two children: P's father and M.Step 5: N is a brother of Q, which puts N in the same generation as Q and one generation above P's father and M.Step 6: The brother of Q is an uncle to Q's children, so N is an uncle of M. Verification / Alternative Check:Draw Q and N side by side as siblings. Connect Q to two children: P's father and M. Then connect P's father to P. The line from N to M is clearly that of an uncle to a nephew. There is no way to interpret the data that makes N a cousin, brother or nephew of M without contradicting the clearly stated generations. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Brother of M: N is a brother of Q, not of M. M is a generation below N.Cousin of M: Cousins share grandparents and are in the same generation. Here N is one generation above M.Grandfather of M: No statement puts N two generations above M; he is only one generation above.Nephew of M: This would require N to be a generation below M, which is opposite to what is given. Common Pitfalls:Candidates often confuse who is at the top of the tree. It is important to note that Q is a parent of P's father and that M, being a brother of P's father, cannot be in Q's generation. Another trap is assuming that any brother mentioned must be of the same generation as the person of interest; instead, pay attention to which person that brother is connected to (here, Q, not M). Final Answer:N is the uncle of M.

Question 8

In this blood relation question, a woman says while showing a man, "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather." How is the woman related to the man?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a standard blood relation question involving a woman, a man and the woman's grandfather. The sentence "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather" encodes the fact that the man's father and the woman's father are the same person. Once we decode that, we can easily determine that the woman and the man are siblings. Given Data / Assumptions:• A woman is referring to a man.• She says, "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather."• The only son of the woman's grandfather is her father.• The man and his brother share the same father.• Family structure is standard with no hidden complexities. Concept / Approach:The phrase my grandfather points to the woman's grandfather. The only son of that grandfather must be her father, because he is the only male child in that generation. The expression his brother's father refers to the father of the man and his brother. Since this person is also the only son of the woman's grandfather, the woman's father and the man's father are the same person. Thus the woman and the man share a common father and belong to the same generation, making them siblings. As the woman is female, she is the man's sister. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let G be the grandfather of the woman.Step 2: The only son of G is the woman's father. Call him F.Step 3: The woman says that the man's brother's father is this same only son of her grandfather.Step 4: The father of the man and the father of his brother is the same person. Therefore F is the man's father as well.Step 5: If F is both the woman's father and the man's father, the woman and the man are children of the same father.Step 6: Since the woman is female, she is the sister of the man. Verification / Alternative Check:You can simply imagine a family where a grandfather has exactly one son, F. F has two children: a daughter (the woman in the question) and a son (the man in the question). The man has a brother as well. When the woman refers to the father of the man and his brother, she is clearly referring to her own father. This confirms that they are siblings and that her role is that of a sister. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Aunt of the man: An aunt would be the sister of the man's father or mother, not a daughter of the same father.Sister in law of the man: A sister in law is a spouse of a brother or the sister of a spouse, not someone sharing the same father directly.Daughter in law of the man: This would place her in a younger generation, married to the man's son.Mother of the man: The mother would be married to the only son of the grandfather, not another child of that same son. Common Pitfalls:Candidates sometimes misread only son of my grandfather and mistakenly think it might refer to the grandfather's grandson. It is important to remember that son refers to the child of the grandfather, not to a grandchild. Once you lock in that person as the woman's father, the rest follows easily. Final Answer:The woman is the sister of the man.

Question 9

Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman says, "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather." In this blood relation test, how is the woman related to the man in the photograph?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question is another version of a standard blood relation puzzle where a woman describes a man in a photograph. The phrase "his brother's father is the only son of my grandfather" again connects the man's father to the woman's father. Once we see that they share the same father, it becomes clear that they are siblings, with the woman being the man's sister. Given Data / Assumptions:• A woman is pointing to a man in a photograph.• She says, "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather."• The only son of the woman's grandfather is her father.• The man and his brother share the same father.• Normal family relationships and generations are assumed. Concept / Approach:We interpret my grandfather's only son as the woman's father. The man's brother's father is simply the man's father. When she states that this person is the only son of her grandfather, she is identifying the man's father as her father. As a result, both she and the man share the same father. Sharing the same father and generation, with the woman being female, makes her the man's sister. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let G be the woman's grandfather.Step 2: The only son of G is the woman's father, F.Step 3: The woman says that the man's brother's father is this same only son of her grandfather.Step 4: The father of the man and of his brother must therefore be F.Step 5: If F is both the woman's father and the man's father, they are children of the same father.Step 6: Since the woman is female, her relationship to the man is that of sister. Verification / Alternative Check:Imagine a grandfather with exactly one son. That son has at least two children: a daughter (the woman) and a son (the man in the photograph). The man also has a brother. The phrase his brother's father points to the same father who is the only son of the woman's grandfather. This structure confirms that the woman is the sister of the man in the photograph. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Mother of the man: The mother would be married to the grandfather's only son, not be another child of that son.Aunt of the man: An aunt would be the sister of the father or mother, which would put her in the same generation as the father, not sharing the father as a child.Daughter of the man: This would place the woman in a younger generation, which contradicts the description tied to the grandfather.Cousin of the man: Cousins share grandparents but not necessarily the same father, so this does not follow directly from the given information. Common Pitfalls:As with similar problems, candidates may confuse the grandfather's only son with a grandson or misinterpret his brother's father as a separate person. Carefully tracing each label back to the same individual and noting that the woman and the man share that father avoids these mistakes. Final Answer:The woman is the sister of the man in the photograph.

Question 10

In this chain relation problem, we are asked: "How is Radha's mother's mother's daughter in law's daughter related to Radha?" The question involves several generations and in laws in Radha's family.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question presents a long descriptive chain: Radha's mother's mother's daughter in law's daughter. It is a typical exam style blood relation puzzle where we must carefully move step by step through generations. The goal is to determine the relationship of the final person, the daughter, with Radha. Such questions reward methodical tracking more than speed. Given Data / Assumptions:• Start from Radha and move upward to her mother.• Radha's mother's mother is Radha's maternal grandmother.• The daughter in law of Radha's maternal grandmother is the wife of the grandmother's son.• That son is Radha's maternal uncle.• The daughter in law's daughter is the child of this maternal uncle and his wife.• Standard assumptions about terminology are used. Concept / Approach:By breaking the chain phrase into simple steps, we see that we are essentially talking about the daughter of Radha's maternal uncle and his wife. A child of one's maternal uncle is a cousin, specifically a maternal cousin. Thus the final girl in the chain is not a sister or niece of Radha, but her cousin. The critical part is correctly interpreting daughter in law of the grandmother as the wife of the grandmother's son, not as the spouse of any grandchild. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Radha's mother's mother is Radha's maternal grandmother.Step 2: The daughter in law of Radha's maternal grandmother is the wife of the grandmother's son.Step 3: The grandmother's son is Radha's maternal uncle.Step 4: Therefore the daughter in law is Radha's maternal aunt by marriage.Step 5: The daughter referred to in the chain is the daughter of this maternal uncle and aunt.Step 6: A daughter of one's maternal uncle is one's cousin, specifically a maternal cousin. Verification / Alternative Check:Draw a simple tree: at the top is Radha's maternal grandmother. She has at least two children, Radha's mother and Radha's maternal uncle. The maternal uncle has a wife (the daughter in law of the grandmother) and a daughter. Radha is a child of the grandmother's daughter, while the final girl is a child of the grandmother's son. Children of a brother and a sister in the middle generation are first cousins. Hence the relationship is cousin. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Sister in law of Radha: A sister in law would be the wife of Radha's brother or the sister of Radha's spouse, which is not implied here.Sister of Radha: For her to be a sister, they would share the same parents, but the chain clearly leads through the maternal uncle, not Radha's own parents.Aunt of Radha: An aunt would be a sister of a parent or the wife of an uncle, not the daughter of an uncle.Niece of Radha: A niece would be the daughter of Radha's sibling or sibling in law; that is a lower generation, not the same generation as Radha. Common Pitfalls:Students often misplace the daughter in law in the wrong generation or think of her as the wife of Radha's father rather than the wife of the grandmother's son. Another frequent mistake is to assume that any daughter in such a chain is automatically a niece or a sister, without checking which parent she belongs to. Carefully tracing each step avoids these confusions. Final Answer:The daughter in the chain is the cousin of Radha.

Question 11

A woman walking with a boy is asked about their relationship. She replies, "My maternal uncle and the uncle of his maternal uncle are the same person." In this blood relation question, how is the lady related to the boy?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a more complex blood relation puzzle involving multiple layers of maternal uncles and their uncles. The lady describes a single person who is both her maternal uncle and the uncle of the boy's maternal uncle. We must decode this to find how the lady is related to the boy. Questions like this require careful mapping of generations and cross checking the roles of uncles on both sides. Given Data / Assumptions:• A lady is walking with a boy.• She says, "My maternal uncle and the uncle of his maternal uncle are the same."• A maternal uncle is the brother of one's mother.• The boy's maternal uncle is the brother of his mother.• The uncle of that maternal uncle is a brother of one of his parents.• Family relations use standard interpretations without adoptions. Concept / Approach:First, let the common person mentioned be X. For the lady, X is her maternal uncle, so X is the brother of her mother. For the boy, X is the uncle of his maternal uncle. If the boy's maternal uncle is his mother's brother, then X must be a brother of one of that uncle's parents. One consistent configuration is that the lady is the sister of the boy's mother. In this case, the boy's maternal uncle is the lady's brother, and X becomes the brother of their mother. The same X then is both the lady's maternal uncle and the uncle of the boy's maternal uncle. In that configuration, the lady is clearly the boy's maternal aunt. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let the lady be L and the boy be B.Step 2: Let X be the person who is both L's maternal uncle and the uncle of B's maternal uncle.Step 3: Because X is L's maternal uncle, X is the brother of L's mother.Step 4: Let B's mother be MB and B's maternal uncle be UB (the brother of MB).Step 5: For X to be an uncle of UB, X must be a brother of one of UB's parents.Step 6: A consistent structure is to let L's mother and B's maternal grandmother be the same person, so that L is the sister of MB. Then UB is also a child of that grandmother.Step 7: In this arrangement, X is the brother of the grandmother and thus is an uncle to both L's mother and UB, making him L's maternal uncle and uncle of B's maternal uncle.Step 8: If L is the sister of MB, she is the boy's maternal aunt, and B is her nephew. Verification / Alternative Check:Construct a family: a grandmother has two children, one is L's mother and one is MB, the boy's mother. The grandmother also has a brother X, who is their maternal uncle. MB's brother UB is another child of the grandmother. X is then the uncle of UB and also the maternal uncle of L. L, being the sister of MB, is the boy's maternal aunt. The statement about the same uncle X is exactly satisfied in this picture. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Grandmother and grandson: This would place the lady one generation above B, but the shared uncle configuration matches better when L and B's mother are in the same generation.Mother and son: If the lady were the boy's mother, then the chain involving his maternal uncle would be redundant and would not require an extra shared uncle.No direct family relation: The whole description of shared maternal uncles and uncles of uncles is meaningful only if a family connection exists.Sister and brother: That would require them to share parents, which does not fit the story involving separate maternal uncles and grandparents. Common Pitfalls:Many candidates get overwhelmed by the phrase uncle of his maternal uncle and give up early. Others assume that the lady must be the boy's mother or grandmother without checking if the chain of uncles can be satisfied. Drawing the family tree and letting the lady be the sister of the boy's mother is the simplest way to visualize the relations correctly. Final Answer:The lady is the boy's aunt, and the boy is her nephew (aunt and nephew relationship).

Question 12

Rahul tells Anand, "Yesterday I defeated the only brother of the daughter of my grandmother." In this blood relation problem, whom did Rahul defeat?

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Introduction / Context:This puzzle describes Rahul defeating someone who is identified as the only brother of the daughter of his grandmother. We must determine exactly who this person is relative to Rahul. These problems test whether you can correctly interpret which daughter of the grandmother is being referred to and how that affects the identity of the only brother mentioned. Given Data / Assumptions:• Rahul has a grandmother.• That grandmother has at least one daughter.• Rahul refers to the daughter of his grandmother.• He then speaks of the only brother of that daughter.• Standard interpretation in such questions is that the grandmother is Rahul's paternal grandmother unless stated otherwise.• Rahul defeated this only brother. Concept / Approach:Consider Rahul's paternal grandmother. Her children include Rahul's father and possibly one or more daughters, such as a paternal aunt. The daughter of my grandmother in this context is naturally taken to be Rahul's paternal aunt. The only brother of this paternal aunt would be Rahul's father, assuming no other sons. Thus the person defeated by Rahul is his own father. This is the standard exam interpretation when the question is framed in this way. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let G be Rahul's grandmother.Step 2: The daughter of G is most naturally interpreted as Rahul's paternal aunt, although she could be another daughter in general.Step 3: The only brother of this daughter must be the only son of G.Step 4: In a typical interpretation, that son is Rahul's father.Step 5: Rahul says he defeated this only brother, which identifies the defeated person as his father.Step 6: Therefore, Rahul defeated his own father. Verification / Alternative Check:Imagine a family where the grandmother has two children: one son (Rahul's father) and one daughter (Rahul's aunt). The aunt is the daughter of Rahul's grandmother. Her only brother is then Rahul's father. Rahul defeating the only brother of the grandmother's daughter clearly means he defeated his father. This fits all parts of the description without ambiguity in the standard exam model. Why Other Options Are Wrong:His son: There is no mention of Rahul's son or any younger generation in the description.His brother: The person is described as the brother of his aunt, not Rahul's brother directly.His father in law: No marital relation is indicated; the chain goes entirely through Rahul's grandmother and her children.His uncle: The only brother is taken to be Rahul's father, not another sibling of the grandmother that would be an uncle. Common Pitfalls:Some candidates assume that the daughter of my grandmother must be Rahul's mother, which would make the only brother his maternal uncle. However in typical reasoning questions, my grandmother is understood as paternal grandmother unless further clarified. It is also important to note the phrase only brother, which suggests a unique son of that grandmother in the relevant branch. Final Answer:Rahul defeated his own father.

Question 13

Pointing to a woman, a man says, "Her father is the only son of my father." In this blood relation question, how is the man related to the woman?

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Introduction / Context:This problem involves a man who identifies a relationship through the phrase "the only son of my father." We must determine how he is related to the woman he is pointing at. The key idea is recognizing that if someone is the only son of a father, and the speaker is that father's son, then the only son must be the speaker himself. That leads directly to the conclusion that he is the father of the woman. Given Data / Assumptions:• A man is pointing to a woman.• He says, "Her father is the only son of my father."• The only son of his father is a unique male child.• The speaker is one of the sons of that father.• Normal family structure is assumed. Concept / Approach:If the speaker's father has only one son and the speaker is that father's son, then the only son must be the speaker himself. When he says her father is the only son of my father, he is effectively saying that he himself is the woman's father. Hence we can directly conclude that the man is the father of the woman, and the woman is his daughter. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let F be the father of the man.Step 2: The man states that F has only one son.Step 3: The speaker is a son of F, so he must be that only son.Step 4: The sentence "her father is the only son of my father" then becomes "her father is me."Step 5: Therefore, the man is the woman's father.Step 6: Consequently, the relationship of the man to the woman is father. Verification / Alternative Check:Picture a family where the father has just one son. That son is the man speaking. He has a daughter, who is the woman he points to. He then truthfully can say, her father is the only son of my father. There is no possible way for him to be a brother, uncle or grandfather without contradicting the only son condition. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Brother of the woman: This would require at least two sons of the same father, contradicting the only son condition.Uncle of the woman: An uncle would be a brother of her parent, not the same person as her father.Brother in law of the woman: This would involve marriage, not a direct parent child relationship.Grandfather of the woman: A grandfather would be the father of her father, not her father himself. Common Pitfalls:Some candidates misread my father as my grandfather or overlook the phrase only son, which is crucial. Others think the only son might refer to a different son, but by definition there can be only one, and the speaker is clearly that son. Keeping the logic strict makes the answer straightforward. Final Answer:The man is the father of the woman.

Question 14

Nandini is described as the only daughter of "Madan's sister Sangita's brother." Interpreting this chain correctly, how is Nandini related to Madan?

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Introduction / Context:This question is about carefully reading a nested description: "Madan's sister Sangita's brother." The goal is to identify which person is being referred to after this chain and then see how Nandini, as that person's only daughter, is related to Madan. This is a good example of how important punctuation and grouping are in blood relation questions. Given Data / Assumptions:• Madan has a sister named Sangita.• We are told about "Madan's sister Sangita's brother."• Nandini is the only daughter of this person.• Standard assumption is that Sangita's brother in this context is Madan himself. Concept / Approach:The expression "Madan's sister Sangita's brother" is parsed as follows: start with Madan, then his sister Sangita, and finally Sangita's brother. The brother of Sangita is Madan again, because siblings share parents and Sangita is already named as Madan's sister. Hence the chain returns to Madan. If Nandini is the only daughter of Sangita's brother, and that brother is Madan, then Nandini must be Madan's daughter. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Madan has a sister named Sangita, so Sangita and Madan are siblings.Step 2: The phrase "Sangita's brother" refers to the male siblings of Sangita.Step 3: Among such brothers, the one we know by name is Madan himself.Step 4: Therefore, "Madan's sister Sangita's brother" refers back to Madan.Step 5: Nandini is said to be the only daughter of this person.Step 6: Hence Nandini is the only daughter of Madan and is therefore Madan's daughter. Verification / Alternative Check:If you build a small family tree with parents at the top, two children Madan and Sangita in the next generation, and then consider Sangita's brother, you arrive at Madan. Attaching Nandini as the only daughter of that brother clearly places her as Madan's daughter. No configuration that makes her a niece or cousin fits the exact wording of the chain as well as this one. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Niece of Madan: A niece would be the daughter of Madan's sibling, such as a daughter of Sangita, but the chain says daughter of Sangita's brother, which is Madan.Cousin of Madan: A cousin would share grandparents with Madan but would not be directly described as the daughter of Sangita's brother.Either niece or daughter of Madan: The wording is precise enough to fix the relation as daughter, not niece.Granddaughter of Madan: This would place Nandini one generation below Madan's children, which is not supported by the description. Common Pitfalls:Students sometimes misread the phrase and think that Nandini is the daughter of Madan's sister, which would make her a niece. However the chain ends at Sangita's brother, not at Sangita. Always track the last person referenced in such chains carefully before linking the next relation. Final Answer:Nandini is the daughter of Madan.

Question 15

Arun says, "This girl is the wife of the grandson of my mother." In this blood relation question, who is Arun with respect to the girl?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:In this problem, Arun describes a girl as the wife of the grandson of his mother. We must figure out Arun's relation to that girl. The phrase "grandson of my mother" can refer to several people in principle, but the standard reasoning approach focuses on the most direct interpretation, which is very often Arun's own son. Given Data / Assumptions:• Arun refers to his own mother.• The grandson of Arun's mother is a male in the next generation.• This grandson can be Arun's son or the son of one of Arun's siblings.• The girl is the wife of this grandson.• Standard exam interpretation usually takes the grandson here to be Arun's son unless otherwise indicated. Concept / Approach:If we treat the grandson of Arun's mother as Arun's own son, then the girl is the wife of Arun's son. A woman who is married to one's son is one's daughter in law. From the girl's perspective, Arun is her father in law. Other interpretations, such as the grandson being a nephew of Arun, are possible in theory but are not usually taken as the intended reading in classical reasoning questions of this form. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let M be Arun's mother.Step 2: The grandson of M is any male child of M's children.Step 3: The most direct candidate for this grandson is Arun's own son.Step 4: Arun states that the girl is the wife of that grandson.Step 5: A girl who is married to a man's son is that man's daughter in law.Step 6: Therefore, from the girl's point of view, Arun is her father in law. Verification / Alternative Check:Visualize M at the top, with Arun as her son. Arun has a son who is M's grandson. The girl is married to this grandson, so she is the grandson's wife. Arun, as the father of that grandson, is the father in law of the girl. Even if M has other children with their own sons, the strongest and most common exam interpretation here remains that the grandson is Arun's son, preserving the neat father in law relationship. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Father of the girl: If Arun were her father, she would be described as the daughter of my mother's son rather than the wife of the grandson.Grandfather of the girl: A grandfather is the father of the girl's parent, not the father of her husband's parent.Husband of the girl: The husband of the girl is the grandson, not Arun.Uncle of the girl: An uncle would be the brother of her parent, which does not fit the description involving a grandson and his wife. Common Pitfalls:Some students misread the phrase grandson of my mother as my grandson and then either misplace Arun a generation higher or lower. Others assume the grandson must be the child of a sibling and thus treat Arun as an uncle in law. The cleanest interpretation in standard questions is to treat the grandson as Arun's son, leading to the father in law relation. Final Answer:Arun is the girl's father in law.

Question 16

All six members of a family A, B, C, D, E and F are travelling together. B is the son of C but C is not the mother of B. A and C are a married couple. E is the brother of C. D is the daughter of A. F is the brother of B. In this family, who is the m…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This family relation question provides several clues about parent child and sibling relationships among six people. The twist is that although B is the son of C, C is not the mother of B. We must use this to identify who B's mother is. The puzzle also includes the condition that A and C are married, which is the crucial piece to solve it. Given Data / Assumptions:• Family members: A, B, C, D, E and F.• B is the son of C.• C is not the mother of B, so C must be the father of B.• A and C are a married couple.• E is the brother of C.• D is the daughter of A.• F is the brother of B. Concept / Approach:Since B is the son of C and C is not the mother, C must be male and therefore the father of B. A and C are a married couple, so A is the spouse of C. In a standard nuclear family structure, the spouse of the father is the mother of his children. Therefore A is the mother of B. No other family member matches this role without contradicting the given information. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From "B is the son of C but C is not the mother," conclude that C is B's father.Step 2: A and C are a married couple, so A is C's spouse.Step 3: In a typical family, the child B of C is also the child of C's spouse, A.Step 4: Therefore A is the mother of B.Step 5: The statement that D is the daughter of A simply tells us that D is also a child of A and C, and F is the brother of B, meaning F is another son of A and C.Step 6: None of the other roles (E as brother of C, D as daughter of A, F as brother of B) conflict with A being the mother of B. Verification / Alternative Check:Construct the family: A and C are married. C is male (since he is not the mother) and is B's father. Thus A must be B's mother. D is A's daughter and therefore C's daughter, making her B's sister. F is B's brother and hence another child of A and C. E, as C's brother, is the uncle of B and F and D. Every relation fits neatly with no contradictions. Why Other Options Are Wrong:D: D is explicitly the daughter of A, making her the sister of B rather than his mother.F: F is the brother of B, so he is another child, not a parent.B: A person cannot be their own mother.E: E is the brother of C; he is an uncle to B, not a parent. Common Pitfalls:Some candidates get confused by the phrase "C is not the mother of B" and fail to note that it implies C is the father. Others may try to assign A different roles, such as an aunt or unrelated traveler, ignoring that the married couple structure strongly suggests A and C are the parents of the children present. Keeping track of genders implied by mother and son is key. Final Answer:The mother of B is A.

Question 17

B is the brother of A and E is the brother of D. D is the father of B. In this blood relation question, how are E and A related?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question gives three simple relationships and asks how two people, E and A, are related. B and E are each described as brothers of someone else, and D is said to be the father of B. By connecting these facts, we can position each person in a small family tree and determine the relationship between E and A. Given Data / Assumptions:• B is the brother of A.• E is the brother of D.• D is the father of B.• Family relations follow standard patterns. Concept / Approach:We first identify the parent child relationships. Since D is the father of B and B is the brother of A, D is also the father of A. Thus A and B are siblings and D is their father. E is the brother of D, so he is an uncle to D's children. Since A is one of D's children, E is the paternal uncle of A. This gives a clear answer: E is the uncle of A, and A is the nephew or niece of E, depending on A's gender. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From "B is the brother of A," note that A and B are siblings.Step 2: From "D is the father of B," we see that D is a parent of B.Step 3: Since A is B's sibling, they share the same father D, so D is also the father of A.Step 4: From "E is the brother of D," we know E and D are siblings.Step 5: Therefore E, being D's brother, is the paternal uncle of D's children A and B.Step 6: So E is the uncle of A. Verification / Alternative Check:Draw the family: place D and E as brothers in one generation. Place A and B as the children of D. The line from E to A is that of an uncle to a niece or nephew. There is no other description that matches all the clues as consistently as E being the uncle of A. Why Other Options Are Wrong:E is brother of A: Brothers share parents and would be in the same generation, but E is in the generation above A as D's brother.A is nephew or niece of E: This is true, but the option asks how E and A are related, and the more direct statement is that E is the uncle of A. The chosen answer uses E as the subject.E is father of A: The father of A is D, not E.E is grandfather of A: There is no indication that E is one generation above D; he is D's brother, not his father. Common Pitfalls:Occasionally candidates mistake E for another parent of A or B due to the repetition of brother in the statements. However, focusing on the father role of D and seeing that E is explicitly only a brother of D clarifies that E must be an uncle, not a parent or grandparent. Drawing a simple diagram can quickly eliminate confusion. Final Answer:E is the uncle of A.

Question 18

Introducing a man, a woman said, "His wife is the only daughter of my father." How is that man related to the woman?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This blood relation question checks whether you can convert a short spoken statement into a clear family tree and then identify the correct relationship. Such questions are common in verbal reasoning tests for banking, SSC, railways and other competitive exams, so understanding the logical pattern is very important. Given Data / Assumptions: A woman is speaking and introducing a man. She says, "His wife is the only daughter of my father." The phrase "my father" clearly refers to the father of the woman who is speaking. "Only daughter of my father" means that the woman speaking is the single daughter in that family. We assume standard monogamous family structure without half siblings unless stated. Concept / Approach:The key idea is to rewrite the sentence in simpler logical pieces. Translating the line into relationship language: "The wife of this man is the woman who is the only daughter of her father." If the woman is the only daughter of her father, then she herself is that only daughter. So the man being introduced must be married to the woman who is speaking. Once that is understood, the asked relation becomes straightforward. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Identify "my father". This is the father of the lady who is doing the introduction.Step 2: The expression "only daughter of my father" means there is exactly one daughter in that family, and that daughter is the speaker herself.Step 3: Replace the phrase in the original sentence. The line becomes: "His wife is me," or more formally, "The wife of this man is the woman who is speaking."Step 4: If the woman speaking is the wife of that man, then the man is the husband of the woman.Step 5: Among the given options, the relationship that matches is "Husband". Verification / Alternative check:To double check, imagine a simple example. Suppose the woman is named Riya and her father is Arun. Arun has only one daughter, Riya. If Riya says, "His wife is the only daughter of my father," she is clearly talking about herself as the only daughter. Therefore the man she is introducing must be her own husband. This confirms that the logic is consistent and no other option like brother or uncle can fit. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Brother would require that the man share the same parents with the woman, which is not suggested here. Father-in-law would be father of her spouse, not her spouse himself. Maternal uncle would be a brother of her mother, which again does not match the description in the statement. None of these options use the information that the man is married to the only daughter of her father. Common Pitfalls:Candidates sometimes misread "only daughter of my father" as some other female relative such as a sister or cousin, forgetting that the speaker is herself a daughter. Another common mistake is to overcomplicate the scenario rather than simply substituting the phrase with "me". Whenever you see "only son of my father" or "only daughter of my father", first ask whether it refers to the speaker themselves. Final Answer:The man being introduced is the husband of the woman.

Question 19

Indicating a photograph, Mukesh said, "This mans son is my fathers son." Who is the person in the photograph?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a classic verbal reasoning question involving a statement about a photograph. The goal is to decode the sentence and convert it into clear relationships using simple algebra like thinking. Many exam questions use similar structures such as "my fathers son", "my mothers only daughter" and so on. Given Data / Assumptions: Mukesh is speaking while pointing to a photograph of a man. He says, "This mans son is my fathers son." "My father" refers to Mukesh father. "My fathers son" can refer either to Mukesh himself or to any brother he may have. We assume usual family relations and that the exam wants a single clear answer. Concept / Approach:The heart of the problem is the expression "this mans son is my fathers son". We can treat "my fathers son" as a person X who is a child of Mukesh father and is male. The sentence then says that "this mans son" is exactly that same person X. If two people have the same son and standard assumptions are used, they are the same father. This leads to the conclusion that the man in the photograph is Mukesh father. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Let F be Mukesh father. Then "my fathers son" means a son of F. That person can be Mukesh or his brother.Step 2: Let M be the man in the photograph. "This mans son" means a son of M.Step 3: The statement says that these two people are the same: a son of M is the same person as a son of F.Step 4: Under normal exam assumptions, if M has a son who is the same person as a son of F, then M and F are the same man. In other words, the man in the photo is Mukesh father.Step 5: Therefore the answer is that the person in the photograph is Mukesh father. Verification / Alternative check:Take a concrete example. Assume Mukesh name is M, his father is Ram. Ram has two sons: Mukesh and Rohan. Mukesh points to a man and says, "This mans son is my fathers son." That man could be Ram himself, whose son is Mukesh or Rohan. For any other man, his son would not automatically be a son of Ram. To satisfy the sentence for all normal cases, the man must be the father of Mukesh. Why Other Options Are Wrong:If the man were Mukesh uncle, then his son would be Mukesh cousin, not a son of Mukesh father. If the man were Mukesh brother, then "this mans son" would be Mukesh nephew, again not a direct son of Mukesh father. If the man were Mukesh grandfather, his son would be Mukesh father, not "my fathers son". The option "Mukesh himself" is also wrong because Mukesh cannot point to his own son and still make the statement in that form. Common Pitfalls:Students sometimes think too literally and get confused by the phrase "my fathers son", forgetting that it can refer to more than one person. The key is to notice that the sentence is saying that the son of the man in the photo and a son of Mukesh father are the same person. Once you combine those, the only consistent solution under exam style assumptions is that the man is Mukesh father. Final Answer:The person in the photograph is Mukesh's father.

Question 20

A is the brother of B. B is the brother of C. D is the father of A. Based on these three facts, which of the following statements cannot be definitely true?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question checks careful reading of family statements and the difference between what is definitely true and what is only possibly true. Logical reasoning tests often ask whether a statement must be true in every valid case or whether there is some scenario where it could fail. Here the unknown gender of C plays a central role. Given Data / Assumptions: A is the brother of B, so A is male and A and B are siblings. B is the brother of C, so B is male and B and C are siblings. D is the father of A, so D is male and parent of A. In such questions, siblings are usually assumed to share the same parents unless otherwise mentioned. The gender of C is not given anywhere. Concept / Approach:The method is to first list everything known for sure, then test each option against that information. A and B are sons of D. Since B is the brother of C, C is another child of D, but we do not know if C is male or female. The word "brother" describes the gender of the subject of the relation (the one who is called brother), not the other person. This detail decides which statements are definite and which are not. Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: From "A is the brother of B" we know A is male and sibling of B.Step 2: From "B is the brother of C" we know B is male and sibling of C. C could be male or female.Step 3: From "D is the father of A" and standard exam assumptions, D is also the father of B and C, so all three share the same parents.Step 4: Check option a: "B is the brother of A." B is male and sibling of A, so this is definitely true.Step 5: Check option b: "B is the son of D." B is male child of D, so this is also definitely true.Step 6: Check option c: "A is the brother of C." A is male and sibling of C, so A is indeed the brother of C in every valid case. This is definitely true.Step 7: Check option d: "C is the brother of A." For C to be a brother, C must be male. But the gender of C is unknown. C could be a sister instead. So this statement is not definitely true in all possible cases. Verification / Alternative check:Construct two examples. In the first, let C be male. Then C is brother of A and all four options become true. In the second, let C be female. Then C is sister of A, not brother, and option d fails while the others remain true. Because it is possible to build a valid family where option d is false, it cannot be classified as definitely true. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Options a, b and c all follow directly from the given statements and the standard understanding of siblings and parentage. There is no variation in gender or family structure that can make them false without contradicting the given information. Only option d depends on an unknown gender for C and therefore fails the "definitely true" test. Common Pitfalls:Many candidates treat sibling and brother as automatically symmetric, assuming that if A is brother of B then B is brother of A, and extend that idea without checking gender. However, the exam carefully controls which person is described as brother or sister. Always pay attention to which person is on which side of the relation and whether the gender for that person is actually specified. Final Answer:The statement that cannot be definitely true is "C is the brother of A."

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