Question 1

Analogy — Predator–prey relation: Rat : Cat :: Worm : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Cat preys on rat; similarly, birds (many species) prey on worms. The relation is predator → typical prey. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Fishing/Earth/Silk — activities or materials, not predators. Final Answer:Bird

Question 2

Analogy — Degree/intensity progression: Walking : Running :: Smiling : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Running is a more intense/faster form of locomotion than walking; laughing is a more intense/expressive form of positive affect than smiling. The analogy is “mild → stronger”. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Feeling/Face — categories, not intensity progressions. Weeping — opposite affect (sadness). Final Answer:Laughing

Question 3

Analogy — Scale of conflict/illness: Skirmish : War :: Disease : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:A skirmish is a small conflict; war is a large-scale conflict. Likewise, an epidemic is disease on a large/population scale. The mapping is “small-scale instance → large-scale version”. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Medicine/Patient — agent or experiencer, not scale. Infection — often the base condition, not necessarily the scaled-up phenomenon. Final Answer:Epidemic

Question 4

Analogy — Controller vs controlled: Man : Machine :: Master : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Man operates machine; master controls slave. The relation is controller → controlled. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Worker/Manager/House — do not mirror the control relation in the same direction. Final Answer:Slave

Question 5

Analogy — Shape transformation by rotation: Square : Diamond :: Circle : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:A “diamond” in common parlance is a square rotated by 45 degrees; rotation does not change the essence of the square, only its orientation/appearance. A circle rotated remains the same — i.e., round. Thus the mapping is “shape rotated → percept remains identical” for the circle. Given Data / Assumptions: Square ↔ diamond (same shape, rotated). Circle rotated is still round. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Oval — implies scaling/distortion, not pure rotation. Smooth/Silver — unrelated properties. Final Answer:Round

Question 6

Analogy — Cause and effect: Smoke : Pollution :: War : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Smoke contributes to pollution; war produces destruction. The mapping is straightforward cause → typical effect. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Treaty/Peace — potential resolutions, not direct effects akin to pollution from smoke. Victory — outcome for a side, not the generic effect of war. Final Answer:Destruction

Question 7

Analogy — Emotion and expression: Laugh : Joy :: Weep : ____

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Laughing is an expression of joy; weeping is an expression of grief. The analogy pairs emotion with its characteristic outward expression. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Remorse — a different emotion (guilt/regret), less prototypically mapped to weeping. Baby/Punishment — not emotions. Final Answer:Grief

Question 8

Analogy — Match the boundary measure to the shape: Circle : Circumference :: Square : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:In analogies, we map the relation in the first pair onto the second pair. “Circle : Circumference” associates a geometric figure with the length of its boundary. We must choose the square’s corresponding boundary measure. Given Data / Assumptions: For a circle, circumference is the total boundary length around the circle. For a square, the comparable boundary quantity is its perimeter. Other geometric quantities (area, diagonal, volume) are different attributes, not boundary length. Concept / Approach:Identify the relation “figure → boundary-length measure.” Preserve type (1-D boundary), not 2-D (area) or 3-D (volume). For polygons the boundary length is called perimeter; for circles it is circumference. Step-by-Step Solution:Map: circle → circumference (boundary length).Seek: square → ? (boundary length) = perimeter.Therefore, “Square : Perimeter.” Verification / Alternative check:Units: circumference and perimeter both measure length (1-D). Area measures square units; diagonal is a single segment length inside the shape; volume applies to solids, not plane figures. Only “perimeter” matches the boundary-length concept for a polygon. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Volume – not defined for plane square; needs 3-D solid.(b) Area – 2-D measure; does not parallel boundary length.(c) Diagonal – a specific internal segment; not the complete boundary length. Common Pitfalls:Confusing any well-known formula of a square (area or diagonal) with the boundary measure. Analogy problems require matching the type of attribute, not just any attribute of the second figure. Final Answer:Perimeter

Question 9

Analogy — Map professional output: Physician : Treatment :: Judge : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The analogy links a professional role with its primary official output. A physician’s professional action produces or administers a treatment. For a judge, we identify the standard formal output delivered in court proceedings. Given Data / Assumptions: Physician → treatment (diagnosis and therapy are core outputs). Judge → judgement (formal decision/opinion of the court). Punishment can be a consequence of a judgement, but the judge’s defining output is the judgement itself. Concept / Approach:Preserve “role → official outcome.” Avoid mapping to places (court), people (lawyer), or downstream consequences (punishment) instead of the official decision document/outcome. Step-by-Step Solution:Identify physician’s output: treatment.Identify judge’s corresponding output: judgement.Thus: Physician : Treatment :: Judge : Judgement. Verification / Alternative check:In common legal phrasing, a judge “delivers/pronounces judgement.” This is the canonical parallel to a physician “giving treatment.” Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Court – a place/institution, not an output.(c) Lawyer – another profession, not the judge’s output.(d) Punishment – a possible result; the judge still issues the judgement first. Common Pitfalls:Confusing consequence (punishment/sentence) with the formal output (judgement). Analogy requires matching the type of relation, not just a related term. Final Answer:Judgement

Question 10

Analogy — Choose the closest synonymal intensity match: Coherent : Consistent :: Irate : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Analogies often test vocabulary by pairing near-synonyms. “Coherent : Consistent” pairs words with overlapping meanings (logical, steady). We need a word for “Irate” that preserves a close synonymal relation and comparable intensity. Given Data / Assumptions: Coherent and consistent are strongly aligned in tone/meaning. Irate describes a state of great anger. We seek the strongest, most direct synonym in the list. Concept / Approach:Select the option whose meaning is essentially equivalent to “irate,” not a weaker mood or a different semantic field (e.g., logic, reasonableness). Step-by-Step Solution:Irate ≈ very angry.Among choices, “Angry” is the direct synonym; “Irritated” is milder; “Unhappy” is different; “Unreasonable” is unrelated.Therefore, Irate : Angry. Verification / Alternative check:Dictionary sense lines up: “irate” (feeling or characterized by great anger). “Angry” is the core headword for that emotional state. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(b) Unreasonable – describes (il)logic, not emotion.(c) Unhappy – sadness rather than anger.(d) Irritated – lower intensity than irate. Common Pitfalls:Choosing near-neighbors of mood (irritated/unhappy) rather than the direct synonym matching the intensity of “irate.” Final Answer:Angry

Question 11

Analogy — Match residue/dregs to source: Scrap : Food :: Lees : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Scrap : Food” links a type of leftover or waste with its source domain. “Lees” are the sediment or dregs left after fermentation/aging of certain beverages. We must identify the correct source for “lees.” Given Data / Assumptions: Scraps are leftovers from food. Lees are sediment/dregs, classically associated with wine fermentation. Other beverages like tea may have leaves, but “lees” in standard usage refers to wine dregs. Concept / Approach:Preserve the “residue : parent material” relation. Match the technical term to its canonical source to keep the analogy precise and well-defined. Step-by-Step Solution:Identify “lees” → residue from wine making/storage.Map: scrap : food :: lees : wine.Therefore, choose “Wine.” Verification / Alternative check:Enology vocabulary consistently defines “lees” as wine sediment (yeast cells, tartrates, etc.). The mapping mirrors “scraps” as residuals of food preparation/consumption. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Bread – a food item, not the beverage producing “lees.”(b) Tea – may have leaf sediment but “lees” is not the standard term.(d) Rice – unrelated to the term “lees.” Common Pitfalls:Associating “lees” with any beverage generically; the precise, widely taught pairing is “lees : wine.” Final Answer:Wine

Question 12

Analogy — Choose the closest verb synonym: Safe : Secure :: Protect : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This analogy pairs near-synonyms across part of speech. “Safe : Secure” connects adjective synonyms. We must find the verb that most directly aligns with “protect.” Given Data / Assumptions: “Protect” is a verb meaning to keep safe from harm. “Guard” is the closest verb synonym among the choices. “Conserve” focuses on saving resources; “Lock” is a method, not a synonym; “Sure” is an adjective, not a verb. Concept / Approach:Preserve part of speech (verb) and semantic field (defense/safety). Choose the lexical item that can typically substitute for “protect” without altering intent. Step-by-Step Solution:Safe ↔ secure (adjective synonyms).Protect ↔ ? (verb synonym) → guard.Hence: Protect : Guard. Verification / Alternative check:Paraphrase test: “guards the data” ≈ “protects the data.” Meanwhile “locks the data” is metaphorical and narrower; “conserves the data” shifts to preservation/efficiency. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Conserve – resource-saving, not defense.(b) Sure – part of speech mismatch and meaning mismatch.(d) Lock – a method/tool, not a general synonym. Common Pitfalls:Choosing a related action (“lock”) instead of a true synonym; analogy hinges on equivalence, not mere association. Final Answer:Guard

Question 13

Analogy — Identify member-to-category mapping: Chair : Furniture :: Shoe : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Chair : Furniture” matches a specific item to its broader category. We must find the general category that includes “shoe.” Given Data / Assumptions: A chair is a type of furniture. A shoe is a type of footwear. Other options represent materials, related items, or professions. Concept / Approach:Preserve the relation “member → class.” Avoid relations like “object → material,” “object → maker,” or “object → companion.” Step-by-Step Solution:Map: chair → furniture (member to category).Shoe → ? (member to category) → footwear.Thus: Shoe : Footwear. Verification / Alternative check:Taxonomically, footwear includes shoes, sandals, boots, etc., in the same way furniture includes chairs, tables, and so on. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Socks – another clothing item; not a category of shoe.(c) Leather – a material, not the category.(d) Cobbler – maker/repairer, not the category. Common Pitfalls:Choosing a commonly associated term (material or maker) instead of the overarching class. Final Answer:Footwear

Question 14

Analogy — Map worker to tool of work: Typist : Typewriter :: Writer : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The relation is “professional/actor → primary tool.” A typist works with a typewriter. For a writer, we seek the basic writing instrument in parallel fashion (without overfitting to modern variations like laptops). Given Data / Assumptions: Typist → typewriter (tool). Writer → pen (traditional tool). Book and script are outputs; paper is a medium. Concept / Approach:Preserve the actor→instrument mapping rather than actor→product or actor→medium. Step-by-Step Solution:Identify tool for writer: pen.Pair: Typist : Typewriter :: Writer : Pen. Verification / Alternative check:While writers may use keyboards, analogy questions typically reference the canonical, simplest instrument. Pen best mirrors typewriter as a tool of writing work. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Book – finished product.(b) Paper – writing surface (medium), not the tool.(c) Script – a kind of written product. Common Pitfalls:Confusing medium or output with instrument. The first pair clearly cues “person → tool.” Final Answer:Pen

Question 15

Analogy — (Recovery Applied) Map vehicle to driving part: Boat : Oar :: Bicycle : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:(Recovery applied) The prompt shows “Boat : Ore”; this appears to be a typographical error for “Oar,” the rowing implement. The relation is “vehicle → primary human-powered driving part.” We must choose the corresponding driving part for a bicycle. Given Data / Assumptions: Boat is propelled by an oar (human power). Bicycle is propelled via pedals applying torque through the chain to the wheel. Seat and wheel are components, but not the driving interface; road is an external medium. Concept / Approach:Preserve “means of imparting human effort to produce motion.” Choose the part that transmits the human's force to propulsion. Step-by-Step Solution:Boat → oar (driving implement).Bicycle → pedal (driving implement/interface).Thus: Bicycle : Pedal. Verification / Alternative check:Functional role: both oar and pedal convert human effort into forward motion within their systems, mirroring the mechanism type. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(b) Seat – support component, not propulsion.(c) Road – environment, not part of the bicycle.(d) Wheel – critical component but not the human interface for applied effort. Common Pitfalls:Picking “wheel” because it rotates; the analogy specifically targets the driving interface, not just any moving part. Final Answer:Pedal

Question 16

Analogy — Map producer/publisher role by medium: Book : Publisher :: Film : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Book : Publisher” ties a work to the entity responsible for financing/manufacturing/distributing it. In cinema, the analogous role is the producer, who develops and finances the project and oversees production and distribution logistics. Given Data / Assumptions: Publisher handles bringing a book to market (production and distribution). Producer handles bringing a film to market (financing, production oversight). Director is creative lead; writer authors the script; editor handles post-production assembly. Concept / Approach:Preserve “commercial/production sponsor → medium.” Avoid creative or technical roles that do not parallel the publisher’s market function. Step-by-Step Solution:Book → publisher.Film → ? → producer (market/production sponsor). Verification / Alternative check:Industry mapping: publisher : book :: producer : film is a standard analogy used in aptitude tests. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(b) Director – creative control, not publishing/distribution.(c) Editor – post-production craft role.(d) Writer – content creator (script), not the market-facing producer/publisher role. Common Pitfalls:Choosing “director” due to fame/visibility; the relational type is commercial sponsorship/bringing to market. Final Answer:Producer

Question 17

Analogy — (Recovery Applied) Map audience/consumer by medium: Radio : Listener :: Film : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:(Recovery applied) The original stem “Radio : Publisher :: Film : ?” is inconsistent: radios are not “published.” Standard test books pair “Radio : Listener” to map medium to its audience. In film, the audience role is “viewer.” We minimally repair the stem to preserve solvability and relational type. Given Data / Assumptions: Radio content is consumed by listeners. Film content is consumed by viewers. The task is medium → audience, not medium → maker. Concept / Approach:Under the Recovery-First Policy, adjust an obvious error to a widely accepted form (“Radio : Listener”). Preserve analogous mapping for film: “Film : Viewer.” Step-by-Step Solution:Radio → listener (audience).Film → viewer (audience).Therefore choose “Viewer.” Verification / Alternative check:Parallel media-audience pairs: newspaper→reader, radio→listener, film→viewer, theatre→spectator. The mapping is consistent across media. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Producer, (d) Director – makers, not audience.(b) Actor – performer, not consumer. Common Pitfalls:Confusing creator roles with consumer roles. The relation type must match across both halves. Final Answer:Viewer

Question 18

Analogy — Map phenomenon to its typical condition: Thunder : Rain :: Night : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Thunder : Rain” associates a phenomenon with a typical condition that accompanies it (thunder commonly co-occurs with rainfall in storms). We seek the parallel typical condition for “night.” Given Data / Assumptions: Thunder often appears with rain/thunderstorms; they are frequently linked conditions. Night is typically characterized by darkness. We are mapping phenomenon → characteristic condition. Concept / Approach:Prefer the general, definitional attribute rather than a time label or near-synonym of time of day. For night, “dark” is the canonical condition. Step-by-Step Solution:Thunder → rain (frequent accompaniment).Night → ? → dark (defining condition). Verification / Alternative check:Although thunder can occur without rain nearby (e.g., dry thunder), the standard aptitude mapping treats “thunder–rain” and “night–dark” as widely taught associations. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Evening/d) Dusk – specific times, not the defining condition.(c) Day – opposite of night. Common Pitfalls:Overcomplicating with meteorological exceptions; analogy exams use the conventional pairing. Final Answer:Dark

Question 19

Analogy — Map larger-to-smaller within the same domain: Mountain : Hill :: Tree : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The first pair contrasts a larger landform (mountain) with a smaller similar landform (hill). We must pick the plant form that is to a tree as a hill is to a mountain: a smaller, similar class within the same domain. Given Data / Assumptions: Mountain vs hill: same kind, different scale. Tree vs shrub: same botanical domain; shrub is smaller than a tree. Other options represent part, environment, or grouping. Concept / Approach:Preserve “same-kind, smaller scale.” Avoid part–whole (leaf), collective (forest), or unrelated context (ground). Step-by-Step Solution:Mountain → hill (smaller analogue).Tree → ? → shrub (smaller analogue). Verification / Alternative check:Taxonomies in geography and botany both frame these as size/structure variants within the same class. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Ground – environment, not class variant.(b) Leaf – part of a tree, not a smaller tree-like organism.(c) Forest – collection of trees, not smaller version. Common Pitfalls:Picking part or collective terms instead of a comparable class on a reduced scale. Final Answer:Shrub

Question 20

Analogy — Map professional to served constituency: Doctor : Patient :: Politician : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Doctor : Patient” links a professional to the recipient of their service. We must select the corresponding recipient for a politician in a democratic context. Given Data / Assumptions: Doctors serve patients directly. Politicians serve and are accountable to voters (their electorate). Other options are vague groups, roles, or abstract goals. Concept / Approach:Preserve “professional → specific recipient of service/representation.” Choose the most precise counterpart rather than an abstraction. Step-by-Step Solution:Doctor → patient.Politician → ? → voter. Verification / Alternative check:In civics, politicians are elected by and represent voters; this is the closest parallel to the patient as the recipient of a doctor’s service. Why Other Options Are Wrong:(a) Masses – vague; broader than electoral constituency.(c) Power – an objective, not a recipient.(d) Chair – office/position, not the served group. Common Pitfalls:Choosing broad collectives (masses) instead of the specific, defined recipient class (voters). Final Answer:Voter

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