Question 1

Square-minus-one pattern 10 → 99 implies n^2 − 1; find the analogous value for 9 → ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This pattern uses a simple transformation based on squaring and subtracting one. Such forms are common in quick-reasoning tests. Given Data / Assumptions: 10 maps to 99. We test f(n) = n^2 − 1. Concept / Approach:Compute 10^2 − 1 = 100 − 1 = 99. The rule fits perfectly, so apply it to 9. Step-by-Step Solution:For n = 9: 9^2 − 1 = 81 − 1 = 80. Verification / Alternative check:Note that n^2 − 1 factors as (n − 1)(n + 1). For n=10, (9)(11)=99; for n=9, (8)(10)=80, confirming the result. Why Other Options Are Wrong:69 and 97: Do not equal 9^2 − 1.49: Equals 7^2, unrelated to the rule. Common Pitfalls:Using n^2 or n^2 + 1 instead of n^2 − 1; confusing the pattern with “multiply consecutive numbers”. Final Answer:80

Question 2

Number analogy — find the missing term.  144 : 10 :: 169 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a numeric analogy question. You are given one completed pair and one incomplete pair. The task is to uncover the rule that maps the first number of a pair to the second and then apply the same rule to the second pair to find the missing value. Given Data / Assumptions: Pair 1: 144 maps to 10. Pair 2: 169 maps to ? (unknown). We assume a single consistent rule applies to both pairs. Concept / Approach: Square numbers and their square roots are common in such analogies. Notice 144 is 12^2 and 169 is 13^2. A simple transformation such as f(n) = sqrt(n) − k is plausible when n is a perfect square. Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize 144 = 12^2, so sqrt(144) = 12. Since 144 maps to 10, the rule can be: output = sqrt(n) − 2, because 12 − 2 = 10. Apply the same rule to 169: sqrt(169) = 13. Compute: 13 − 2 = 11. Verification / Alternative check: Try other simple operators such as adding digits of the square root or halving, but none fit as cleanly. The minus-two rule fits both pairs perfectly when the inputs are perfect squares. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 14: would require adding 2, contradicting the first pair. 13 or 12: would correspond to no consistent offset that matches 144 → 10. 9: implies subtracting 4 from 13, which breaks the first mapping. Common Pitfalls: Ignoring that 144 and 169 are perfect squares; trying unrelated digit tricks often leads to inconsistencies across pairs. Final Answer: 11

Question 3

Number analogy — identify the rule and complete the pair.  9 : 8 :: 16 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Numeric analogies often exploit representations such as powers. Here, both 9 and 16 are perfect powers, suggesting a rule that swaps base and exponent to create the mapped value. Given Data / Assumptions: Given pair: 9 maps to 8. Find value for: 16 maps to ?. Assume one consistent transformation applies to both items. Concept / Approach: Express each number as a^b. Then map it to b^a. This “base–exponent interchange” is a well-known puzzle device. For example, 9 = 3^2 and swapping gives 2^3 = 8. Step-by-Step Solution: Rewrite 9 as 3^2. Swap base and exponent to get 2^3 = 8. This matches the given 9 : 8 mapping, confirming the rule. Now apply to 16: rewrite 16 as 2^4. Swap base and exponent: 4^2 = 16. Verification / Alternative check: Check if simpler rules like subtracting 1 (9 → 8) would fit 16 → 15. That option exists but does not respect the “power swap” insight evident in 9 as 3^2 mapping to 2^3. The power-swap rule explains both items elegantly and uniquely. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 27 or 18: inconsistent with 2^4 ↔ 4^2. 17 or 15: simple ±1 tricks do not generalize from the first mapping. Common Pitfalls: Stopping at 9 → 8 as “minus one.” Always test candidate rules on the second pair to ensure consistency. Final Answer: 16

Question 4

Number analogy with perfect squares — find the missing term.  25 : 37 :: 49 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy uses perfect squares and a consistent transformation. Such puzzles typically involve adding a fixed expression tied to the square’s root. We need to discover the rule from the first pair and apply it to the second. Given Data / Assumptions: First pair: 25 maps to 37. Second pair: 49 maps to ?. Both 25 and 49 are perfect squares: 5^2 and 7^2. Concept / Approach: Try a root-based rule. Notice that 25 = 5^2 and 37 equals (5 + 1)^2 + 1 because (6^2) + 1 = 36 + 1 = 37. If the pattern is “(root + 1)^2 + 1,” apply it to 7^2 (i.e., 49). Step-by-Step Solution: Identify the root of 25: r = 5. Compute (r + 1)^2 + 1 = (5 + 1)^2 + 1 = 6^2 + 1 = 36 + 1 = 37. Now apply to 49 with r = 7. Compute (7 + 1)^2 + 1 = 8^2 + 1 = 64 + 1 = 65. Verification / Alternative check: Consider other plausible patterns like adding the square’s root or adding a prime. None reproduce 25 → 37 as neatly as the “(r + 1)^2 + 1” rule and simultaneously give an integer for 49. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 41, 56, 60, 53: these would require unrelated or inconsistent adjustments that do not generalize from 25 → 37 and fail to form a clean rule for 49. Common Pitfalls: Overfitting rules to a single pair without confirming they extend to the second pair. Always test consistency. Final Answer: 65

Question 5

Alphabet–number mapping analogy — use letter positions to complete the pair.  K/T : 11/20 :: J/R : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal–numeric analogy relies on alphabetical positions. Each letter is converted to its position in the English alphabet, and the same mapping is applied across both pairs. Given Data / Assumptions: K/T maps to 11/20. We must find the corresponding numbers for J/R. Letter positions are A=1, B=2, …, Z=26. Concept / Approach: The pattern is straightforward positional encoding: replace each letter with its ordinal position. K is 11, T is 20; this matches the left example and validates the approach. Step-by-Step Solution: Check given mapping: K → 11 and T → 20. This perfectly fits “11/20.” Apply to J/R: J is the 10th letter; R is the 18th letter. Therefore, J/R maps to 10/18. Verification / Alternative check: No arithmetic beyond ordinal positions is needed. Cross-check with a standard alphabet reference to ensure no off-by-one mistakes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 11/19: would correspond to K/S, not J/R. 10/8: mismaps R from 18 to 8. 9/10 or 8/9: do not match J/R ordinal positions. Common Pitfalls: Confusing zero-based with one-based indexing; here, A is 1, not 0. Final Answer: 10/18

Question 6

Power analogy — map cubes to cubes by stepping the base.  27 : 125 :: 64 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This number analogy uses perfect cubes. The first number of each pair is a cube, and the second number is also a cube, typically with a shifted base. We must determine the shift and apply it consistently. Given Data / Assumptions: 27 is 3^3, and it maps to 125 which is 5^3. 64 is 4^3; we must find its mapped cube. Rule should be a consistent step in the base. Concept / Approach: Notice 3 (base of 27) increased by 2 to become 5 (base of 125). Apply the same +2 step to the base of the second cube. Step-by-Step Solution: Write 27 as 3^3 and 125 as 5^3. The base increased from 3 to 5 (+2). Write 64 as 4^3. Increase the base by 2: 4 + 2 = 6. Compute 6^3 = 216. Verification / Alternative check: You can test whether another increment (like +1) would fit, but 3^3 → 4^3 would be 64, not 125. Hence +2 is the unique simple step that matches the first pair. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 162, 273, 343, 517: these are not 6^3 and therefore break the pattern of “cube mapped to cube via +2 in base.” Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to look at exponents and bases; many analogies hinge on recognizing perfect powers rather than doing ad-hoc arithmetic. Final Answer: 216

Question 7

Verbal analogy — select the pair with the same relationship as “Glove : Hand”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: In a verbal analogy, the first word relates to the second in a specific, concrete way. “Glove : Hand” expresses an item that is worn on a body part. We need the option that mirrors this wearable-to-body-part relationship precisely. Given Data / Assumptions: Glove is an article worn on the hand. Correct choice should be an article worn on a body part in the same direct manner. Concept / Approach: Identify the relation as “wearable item → body part it is worn on.” Discard pairs where the first term is a body part, where the second is clothing rather than a body part, or where the relation is storage/accessory rather than “worn on.” Step-by-Step Solution: Evaluate (A) Neck : Collar — reversed; a collar is worn around the neck, not the neck on the collar. (B) Tie : Shirt — a tie is worn with a shirt, not on the shirt as a body part analog. The second term is not a body part. (C) Socks : Feet — socks are worn on feet; this exactly mirrors “Glove : Hand.” (D) Coat : Pocket — a pocket is part of a coat; this is a component relationship, not wearable-to-body-part. (E) Hat : Headrest — second term is not a body part; also the relation is wrong. Verification / Alternative check: Swap the order to test consistency: “Hand wears glove,” “Feet wear socks.” The parallel holds only for option (C). Why Other Options Are Wrong: They either reverse the relation, use non-body-part nouns as the second term, or express component/association rather than a garment-to-body-part mapping. Common Pitfalls: Accepting loosely associated pairs instead of the precise relational mirror required by analogies. Final Answer: Socks : Feet

Question 8

Analogies — Identify the best “profession : primary workplace” pair Prompt: Lawyer : Court ⇒ ? Choose the pair that mirrors the relationship most precisely.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This verbal analogy tests your ability to recognize the most precise relationship between a professional role and its primary, formal workplace. “Lawyer : Court” signals a profession whose official duties are fundamentally tied to a specific venue where that profession is practiced and adjudicated. Given Data / Assumptions: A lawyer's primary formal workplace is the court (filings, arguments, trials). We must find an equally tight profession-to-official-workplace mapping. Distractors may show looser or event-based relations rather than a core workplace. Concept / Approach:Identify the pair where the second term is the prototypical, institutional setting in which the first term’s expert work is officially conducted. The relationship should be as specific and canonical as “Lawyer : Court.” Step-by-Step Solution: Map the role to its formal venue: Lawyer → Court.Evaluate “Chemist : Laboratory.” A chemist’s professional research and experiments are centrally conducted in a laboratory. This mirrors the precision of the prompt.Check “Businessman : Office.” Many professionals use offices; the link is generic, not profession-specific.Check “Labour : Factory.” “Labour” is a broad category; factories are one of many locations. The mapping lacks the specialized, formal nexus.Check “Athlete : Olympics.” The Olympics are an event, not the ongoing workplace of an athlete. Verification / Alternative check:Replace “Lawyer : Court” with “Chemist : Laboratory” and note both pairs reflect a specialized professional environment where core tasks are officially performed, not merely an administrative space or a periodic event. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Businessman : Office — too generic; many professions use offices. Labour : Factory — “labour” is vague; not uniquely tied to factories. Athlete : Olympics — event-based rather than workplace-based. Common Pitfalls:Choosing a place that someone might use (office) or occasionally attend (event) instead of the specialized, intrinsic workplace (laboratory/court). Final Answer:Chemist : Laboratory

Question 9

Analogies — “part forms whole” hierarchy Prompt: Letter : Word ⇒ ? Choose the pair that follows the same unit-to-aggregate relation.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Many analogy items rely on structural hierarchies. “Letter : Word” captures a “unit forms aggregate” relationship in language: letters combine to form words. We must find the same composition pattern in the options. Given Data / Assumptions: A letter is a smallest building block in written language for making words. We need a parallel where small units combine into a larger, standard whole. Non-structural or causal relations are distractors. Concept / Approach:Identify which option features elements that combine to produce a conventional composite. Pages forming a book is a direct analogue to letters forming words, both being canonical compositional hierarchies in print/writing systems. Step-by-Step Solution: Analyze “Letter : Word” → smallest symbolic unit builds a conventional unit of meaning.Check “Page : Book.” Multiple pages are bound to form a book, matching unit-to-whole.“Product : Factory” is reversed/causal; factories produce products (place → output), not unit → whole.“Club : People” is collective → members; grammatically the mapping is “people form a club,” but the order is inverted and less standardized than page→book.“Home work : School” is an activity-location relation, not composition. Verification / Alternative check:Swap roles: letters aggregate to words; pages aggregate to books. Both reflect discrete units assembling into a recognized whole, preserving order and function. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Product : Factory — production relation, not part-whole composition. Club : People — reversed orientation and sociological grouping, not a fixed physical composition. Home work : School — task-location, not composition. Common Pitfalls:Confusing cause or membership with strict part-whole construction. Composition requires units that inherently constitute the whole. Final Answer:Page : Book

Question 10

Analogies — Identify antonyms with the same polarity Prompt: Lively : Dull ⇒ ? Choose the pair that shows a clear opposite-meaning relationship.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Antonym analogies require finding another pair with the same opposite polarity. “Lively : Dull” contrasts energetic versus lacking energy or animation. We need an equally direct opposite relationship in the choices. Given Data / Assumptions: Lively ↔ Dull are clear antonyms. The correct option should present unambiguous opposites. Synonyms or non-lexical relations are distractors. Concept / Approach:Scan options for pairs where one term negates the state of the other. Employment status provides a clean binary contrast like lively/dull in tone or energy. Step-by-Step Solution: “Employed : Jobless” — one has a job; the other lacks it. Clear antonyms.“Flower : Bud” — stages of growth, not antonyms.“Factory : Labour” — place-to-people relation, not antonyms.“Happy : Gay” — near-synonyms in many contexts. Verification / Alternative check:Try substituting: lively is to dull as employed is to jobless. Both reflect direct opposites of a condition (animation/work status). The mapping holds semantically. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Flower : Bud — represents development, not opposition. Factory : Labour — category relationship, not lexical opposition. Happy : Gay — similar meaning; fails antonym test. Common Pitfalls:Mistaking related concepts or synonyms for antonyms. Always check whether one term truly negates the state defined by the other. Final Answer:Employed : Jobless

Question 11

Analogies — Antonym relationship Prompt: Silence : Noise ⇒ ? Choose the pair that mirrors a clear “absence vs presence” opposition.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Silence : Noise” exemplifies a state of absence contrasted with a state of presence (no sound versus sound). The best analogy should reflect a similar “lack of X” versus “X exists” opposition in a single semantic domain. Given Data / Assumptions: Silence is the absence of audible sound; noise is its presence. We seek a tight opposition, not just relatedness or synonyms. Concept / Approach:Identify a pair where the first term denotes the lack of the second term in the same conceptual field. Baldness (lack of hair) contrasts directly with hair (presence of hair). Step-by-Step Solution: Match the absence–presence template: Silence (no sound) ↔ Noise (sound).“Baldness : Hair” — Baldness is the absence of hair. Perfect parallel.“Quiet : Peace” — Near-synonyms; both indicate low disturbance, not opposites.“Talk : Whisper” — Both are forms of speech; whisper is a subtype, not an opposite.“Sing : Dance” — Different activities, not opposites. Verification / Alternative check:Reframe: silence is to noise as baldness is to hair. In each case, the first term represents lack or absence relative to the second term’s presence within the same domain (sound vs. hair). Why Other Options Are Wrong: Quiet : Peace — synonymy rather than opposition. Talk : Whisper — hierarchical subtype, not antonymy. Sing : Dance — unrelated parallel activities. Common Pitfalls:Confusing low-intensity states (quiet) with absence (silence). The prompt requires true absence ↔ presence contrast. Final Answer:Baldness : Hair

Question 12

Analogies — “action on typical object” relation Prompt: Kick : Football ⇒ ? Select the pair that shows a natural action applied to a characteristic object.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Here the relationship is a characteristic action applied to a common object: one typically kicks a football. We need an analogous, routine pairing of action and its usual object in everyday contexts. Given Data / Assumptions: The action should be customary for the object. Verb–object compatibility is key; nonsense or verb–verb relations are distractors. Concept / Approach:Scan options for a frequent real-world collocation: an action that is commonly and appropriately performed on the listed object, mirroring kick→football in naturalness and frequency. Step-by-Step Solution: “Wash : Dishes” — Washing is the routine action done to dishes. Strong, natural fit.“Dust : Rage” — Semantic mismatch; “rage” cannot be dusted.“Mop : Sweep” — Two actions; lacks an object and breaks the pattern.“Throw : Ring” — Grammatically possible but not a typical or defining action for a “ring.” Verification / Alternative check:Replace the prompt: kick→football is as natural as wash→dishes. Both represent everyday verb–object pairs that co-occur frequently and predictably. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Dust : Rage — Ill-formed pairing. Mop : Sweep — Verb–verb, not verb–object. Throw : Ring — Not a characteristic action for a ring. Common Pitfalls:Accepting any grammatically possible pair without checking typicality and semantic fit. Final Answer:Wash : Dishes

Question 13

Analogies — “natural covering/part of a living thing” Prompt: Scales : Fish ⇒ ? Choose the pair that reflects an inherent covering or part analogous to scales on a fish.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Scales : Fish” indicates a natural, inherent covering of a creature. The appropriate analogy should pair another organism with its typical biological covering, not clothing or a loosely related part–whole without the “covering” nuance. Given Data / Assumptions: Scales are a fish’s natural covering. We seek a species → biological covering mapping. Non-biological or non-covering relations are distractors. Concept / Approach:Find the pair where the second element is the standard, intrinsic covering of the first. This excludes cultural artifacts (clothes) and generic body parts that do not mirror “covering” in the same sense. Step-by-Step Solution: “Bear : Fur” — Fur is the natural covering of many mammals, directly parallel to scales on fish.“Woman : Dress” — Clothing is not a biological covering; it is external and cultural.“Skin : Man” — Reversed orientation (part → whole) and lacks the “species → covering” pattern.“Tree : Leaves” — Leaves are parts, but not a “covering” in the animal-body sense; the biological category differs from the prompt’s animal covering analogy. Verification / Alternative check:Map the template: organism → natural body covering. Fish→scales; Bear→fur. Both are standard anatomical coverings in zoology contexts. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Woman : Dress — artificial covering. Skin : Man — wrong direction and category. Tree : Leaves — plant structure, not animal covering. Common Pitfalls:Choosing any part–whole relation instead of the more specific “species → body covering” relation demanded by the prompt. Final Answer:Bear : Fur

Question 14

Analogies — Specialist and domain of interest Prompt: Numismatist : Coins ⇒ ? Select the pair that mirrors “collector/specialist : collected items”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:A numismatist studies or collects coins. The required analogy is another “-ist” whose defining activity is collecting a particular class of items, not merely making, selling, or studying them in a general scientific sense. Given Data / Assumptions: Numismatist ↔ coins (collector/enthusiast). We seek a parallel collector-to-items relation. Roles involving manufacture or scientific study without the collecting emphasis are distractors. Concept / Approach:Identify among the options an “-ist” whose domain is collection as a hobby or specialization directly tied to the items, mirroring numismatics and coins. Step-by-Step Solution: “Philatelist : Stamps” — By definition, a philatelist collects or studies postage stamps. This perfectly mirrors numismatist : coins.“Jeweller : Jewels” — A jeweller works with, crafts, or sells; not necessarily a collector.“Cartographer : Maps” — A cartographer makes maps; the primary role is creation, not collecting.“Geneticist : Chromosomes” — A scientist studying genetics; again, not a collecting role. Verification / Alternative check:The -ist suffix can indicate many roles; here we need the specific “collecting” function. Philately fits that definition explicitly, just as numismatics does. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Jeweller : Jewels — trade/craft rather than collection. Cartographer : Maps — creation/production rather than collection. Geneticist : Chromosomes — scientific study of heredity, not item collection. Common Pitfalls:Equating any professional connected with an item to a collector. The question targets hobbyist/specialist-collector semantics. Final Answer:Philatelist : Stamps

Question 15

Analogies — Opposite times of day Prompt: Sunrise : Sunset ⇒ ? Choose the pair that best represents corresponding counterparts within the daily cycle.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Sunrise : Sunset” are matched counterparts: one marks the beginning of daylight, the other its end. The best analogy should pair two terms that are likewise corresponding edges of light within a day, not just generic opposites or unrelated adjectives. Given Data / Assumptions: Sunrise and sunset are boundary phenomena of daylight. The correct option should mirror this “start vs end of light” symmetry. Concept / Approach:Within the diurnal cycle, dawn (first light) corresponds to sunrise, and twilight (last light) corresponds to sunset. This preserves both category and function: they are transitional illumination periods flanking daytime. Step-by-Step Solution: Map sunrise ↔ dawn (start of daylight) and sunset ↔ twilight (end of daylight).“Dawn : Twilight” captures this parallel structure of light transitions.“Noon : Midnight” are temporal opposites but not the start/end-of-light transitions and lack the boundary-light nuance.“Morning : Night” are broader day segments, not precise transitional counterparts.“Energetic : Lazy” is adjective antonymy and not related to time phenomena. Verification / Alternative check:Visualize a daylight curve: dawn → sunrise → day → sunset → twilight → night. The chosen pair aligns with the transitional edges around the daylight period, mirroring the prompt’s semantics. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Noon : Midnight — not edge transitions; represent midpoints and opposite times. Morning : Night — coarse segments, not transitional pairs. Energetic : Lazy — unrelated adjectives. Common Pitfalls:Picking simple opposites instead of structurally corresponding phases within the same category (light transitions). Final Answer:Dawn : Twilight

Question 16

Analogies — “object : essential internal part” Prompt: Candle : Wick ⇒ ? Choose the pair that best mirrors a physical object and its integral component.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Candle : Wick” signifies a physical object and an essential inner component enabling its function. The correct analogy should pair another object with a built-in, indispensable part rather than a separate tool or by-product. Given Data / Assumptions: A candle necessarily includes a wick to burn properly. We must find a similarly integral part within an object. Concept / Approach:Look for part–whole where the part resides within or is permanently attached to the whole and is critical for normal operation, mirroring wick inside a candle. Step-by-Step Solution: “Bicycle : Wheel” — A wheel is an essential built-in component for a bicycle’s intended function.“Hammer : Nail” — A nail is not a part of a hammer; it is a separate object the hammer acts upon.“Light : Bulb” — Reversed causality; a bulb produces light; light is not a component.“Oven : Fire” — Modern ovens may use electricity; “fire” is not an inherent part. Verification / Alternative check:Remove the component and test functionality: a candle without a wick cannot function; a bicycle without wheels cannot function. The parallel holds strongly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Hammer : Nail — tool vs. fastener, not part–whole. Light : Bulb — effect vs. cause/device mismatch. Oven : Fire — contingent, non-essential in many ovens. Common Pitfalls:Confusing tool–target or cause–effect for integral part–whole relationships. The prompt requires an embedded, indispensable component. Final Answer:Bicycle : Wheel

Question 17

Analogies — “thing : diminished/modified quality” Prompt: Sound : Muffled ⇒ ? Choose the pair that mirrors a base phenomenon described by a reduced-intensity quality.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Sound : Muffled” shows a phenomenon (sound) described by a quality indicating reduced intensity or clarity (muffled). We must find a base entity described by a similarly diminished attribute, not merely any adjective descriptor. Given Data / Assumptions: Muffled implies softened, less clear, or damped sound. The best analogue is a sensory quality showing reduction from normal vividness. Concept / Approach:Scan for a noun–adjective relation where the adjective expresses weakening or loss of vividness compared to the norm, paralleling how “muffled” weakens sound. Step-by-Step Solution: “Colour : Faded” — Faded denotes reduced intensity/saturation of colour, directly parallel to muffled sound.“Moisture : Humid” — Humid describes air with high moisture, not moisture itself; also indicates increase, not reduction.“Despair : Anger” — Different emotions; not a quality descriptor.“Odour : Pungent” — Pungent indicates strong, sharp smell (increased intensity), opposite of a reduction theme. Verification / Alternative check:Compare degrees: normal sound → muffled sound (less distinct); normal colour → faded colour (less vivid). The structure and direction (reduction) match. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Moisture : Humid — category mismatch; adjective applies to air, not to moisture, and indicates abundance. Despair : Anger — unrelated emotions; no base–quality relation. Odour : Pungent — intensity increases, not decreases. Common Pitfalls:Picking any noun–adjective pair without checking whether the adjective denotes a weakening of the base attribute, which is the core of the analogy. Final Answer:Colour : Faded

Question 18

Analogy — select the pair with the same “place for vehicle” relationship as Platform : Train.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This verbal analogy asks you to recognize the relationship between two words and choose another pair that follows the same logic. The reference pair is “Platform : Train,” which describes a dedicated place or structure used by a particular mode of transport for boarding, alighting, or berthing. Given Data / Assumptions: The stem pair is Platform : Train. We need another pair where the first term is a place or structure and the second term is the vehicle that uses it. Transport-domain terms should be interpreted in their common, practical sense. Concept / Approach:Identify the precise relation: a platform is the facility used by a train at a station. We then look for an option where the first word is the corresponding facility and the second is the vehicle that uses that facility. Keep order in mind (place → vehicle), not the reverse. Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize: Platform is a place; Train is a vehicle that uses it.Scan options for the same order and function.“Quay : Ship” matches: a quay (or wharf) is where ships berth to load/unload.Other options either reverse the order or pair a place with a person, not a vehicle. Verification / Alternative check:Replace words with definitions: “Place for trains : train” vs “Place for ships : ship.” The logical structures align perfectly, confirming the choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Aeroplane : Aerodrome — reversed order (vehicle : place), unlike the stem. Hotel : Tourist — place : person, not place : vehicle. Footpath : Traveller — place : person, not place : vehicle. Common Pitfalls:Ignoring the order of terms or accepting a plausible domain without matching the exact relation (vehicle vs. person). Always preserve the same role and direction. Final Answer:Quay : Ship

Question 19

Analogy — choose the pair with the same “object moves along its guiding path” relation as Train : Track.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Analogies test your ability to identify a precise relationship and replicate it. “Train : Track” expresses an object that moves along a physical guiding path or channel specifically built for it. We must find a second pair that preserves both the category and the direction (object → guide/path). Given Data / Assumptions: Stem: Train moves along Track. Look for object → guiding path/channel in the same order. Concept is physical motion constrained by a designed structure. Concept / Approach:The correct choice should have a discrete moving object and a man-made guide through which it travels. The “Boat : Water” option swaps the order (medium first) and uses a natural medium, not a built-in guide. Precision matters in analogies. Step-by-Step Solution: Identify the role of “track” — a fixed pathway.Assess each option for the same role: is the second term a guiding channel?“Bullet : Barrel” fits: a bullet is propelled through a gun barrel, which serves as its guiding path.Confirm order: object (bullet) → guide (barrel). Verification / Alternative check:Ask if removing the guide prevents proper operation. Without a barrel, a bullet would not be guided; without tracks, trains cannot run correctly. The dependency is analogous. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Water : Boat — reversed and the second is an object, first is a natural medium. Idea : Brain — containment/processing, not motion along a guide. Fame : Television — abstract relation, not a guided path. Common Pitfalls:Accepting “medium” for “guide” or ignoring the order. Ensure both structural guidance and correct term sequence match the stem pattern. Final Answer:Bullet : Barrel

Question 20

Analogy — pick the pair that mirrors the “writing tool to writing surface” relation in Chalk : Blackboard.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:In this analogy, “Chalk : Blackboard” shows a tool used to write and the surface on which it is used. The goal is to find another pair expressing the same “writing medium to writing surface” relationship with the same direction (tool/medium → surface). Given Data / Assumptions: Chalk is used to write on a blackboard. We seek a pair where the first term is the marking medium and the second is the surface. Everyday usage in writing contexts applies. Concept / Approach:Chalk corresponds to ink as writing mediums; blackboard corresponds to paper as writing surfaces. The pair must be functional and domain-consistent, not merely related objects. Step-by-Step Solution: Map roles: Chalk → medium; Blackboard → surface.Find a matching pair: Ink → medium; Paper → surface.Therefore, “Ink : Paper” is parallel in meaning and order. Verification / Alternative check:Replace with usage statements: “Chalk writes on Blackboard” vs. “Ink writes on Paper.” Both are correct and structurally identical. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Type : Point — unclear relation; not tool-to-surface. Table : Chair — co-located items, not tool-to-surface. Door : Handle — component relation reversed; handle is a part of door. Common Pitfalls:Choosing general associations rather than the specific functional mapping of writing medium to surface, and mixing up component vs. usage relationships. Final Answer:Ink : Paper

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