Q: 100 : 121 :: 144 : ? — Recognize the pattern (think squares and successive integers) and compute the missing value.

Introduction / Context:Classic numerical analogies often use perfect squares in succession. 100 and 121 are familiar squares (10^2 and 11^2). We leverage that structure to extend the pattern. Given Data / Assumptions: 100 = 10^2; 121 = 11^2. 144 = 12^2. We expect the mapping to follow 'n^2 → (n+1)^2'. Concept / Approach:Interpret each term as a perfect square of consecutive integers: 10^2 maps to 11^2; therefore, 12^2 should map to 13^2. Step-by-Step Solution:1) 100 = 10^2 → 121 = 11^2 confirms +1 on the base.2) 144 = 12^2 → next is 13^2.3) 13^2 = 169. Verification / Alternative check:Check other options: none are perfect squares of 13 except 169. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 160/93/426/131: Not equal to 13^2; they break the consecutive square pattern. Common Pitfalls:Mistaking 12^2 as 142 or forgetting that 13^2 is 169. Final Answer:169

Q: 3 : 27 :: 4 : ? — Determine the operation connecting 3 to 27 and apply it to 4 to find the missing number.

Introduction / Context:The pair 3 : 27 suggests exponentiation, as 27 is 3^3. Similar cube patterns are common in analogy questions and extend naturally to the next input. Given Data / Assumptions: 27 = 3^3. We assume the same transformation is applied to 4. Concept / Approach:If the rule is 'n → n^3', then 4 must map to 4^3. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Confirm 3 → 3^3 = 27.2) Apply to 4: 4^3 = 64. Verification / Alternative check:Scan options; 64 is present and matches 4^3. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16/32/28/81: These represent 4^2, 2^5, 4*7, and 3^4 respectively; none equals 4^3. Common Pitfalls:Confusing square and cube operations or miscomputing 4^3. Final Answer:64

Q: 7544 : 5322 :: 4673 : ? — Infer the consistent four-digit transformation applied to the first number and compute the image of the second.

Introduction / Context:Digit-wise analogies sometimes apply uniform arithmetic across positions. Here, 7544 maps to 5322. Notice each digit reduces by 2 (7→5, 5→3, 4→2, 4→2), which is equivalent to subtracting 2222 as a whole. Given Data / Assumptions: 7→5, 5→3, 4→2, 4→2 indicates '−2' per digit. No borrows occur in 7544 − 2222, so the pattern is clean. Apply the same '−2' per digit to 4673. Concept / Approach:The simplest consistent rule is subtract 2 from each digit, i.e., number − 2222. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Verify: 7544 − 2222 = 5322 (matches).2) Compute: 4673 − 2222 = 2451. Verification / Alternative check:Digit-wise check: 4→2, 6→4, 7→5, 3→1; result 2451. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 2367/2531/4472/2251: Do not result from subtracting 2222 from 4673; they break the consistent per-digit reduction. Common Pitfalls:Applying subtraction to the whole number with borrow errors rather than treating it digit-wise as the example implies. Final Answer:2451

Q: 11 : 132 :: ? — Choose the pair that follows the same rule relating the first number to the second.

Introduction / Context:We must infer the mapping from 11 to 132 and select the option that exhibits the same relationship. Look for simple multiplicative patterns like n^2 or n*(n+1). Given Data / Assumptions: 11 → 132. 132 / 11 = 12 = (11 + 1), suggesting 11 maps to 11 * 12. Therefore the rule appears to be n → n * (n + 1). Concept / Approach:Test each option for the same structure n : n*(n+1). Step-by-Step Solution:Check (9 : 90): 9*(9+1) = 9*10 = 90 ✓Check (10 : 100): 10*(11) = 110 ≠ 100 ✗Check (15 : 250): 15*(16) = 240 ≠ 250 ✗Check (13 : 169): 13*(14) = 182 ≠ 169; 169 is 13^2 ✗Check (7 : 42): 7*(8) = 56 ≠ 42 ✗ Verification / Alternative check:Since 11 → 132 fits n*(n+1), any correct option must satisfy the same. Only 9 : 90 works. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 10 : 100 and 13 : 169 follow n^2, not n*(n+1). 15 : 250 and 7 : 42 do not match n*(n+1) either. Common Pitfalls:Confusing n^2 with n*(n+1). The given mapping (11 → 132) disambiguates the correct rule. Final Answer:9 : 90

Q: 1 : 36 :: 2 : ? — Detect the transformation that maps 1 to 36 and apply it to 2 to find the missing value.

Introduction / Context:We seek a simple arithmetic-to-power pattern. 36 suggests 6^2. If 1 maps to 36, then the base likely became 6. That hints at 'add 5, then square' as the rule. Given Data / Assumptions: 1 → 36 implies (1 + 5)^2 = 6^2 = 36. Apply the same operation to 2. Concept / Approach:Transform n by adding 5 and then squaring the result: f(n) = (n + 5)^2. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Confirm: f(1) = (1 + 5)^2 = 36.2) Compute: f(2) = (2 + 5)^2 = 7^2 = 49. Verification / Alternative check:Other nearby ideas (square, cube directly) do not map 1 → 36; the '+5 then square' fits cleanly and generalizes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 69/70: Not perfect squares from (2 + 5). 81: Would be (2 + 7)^2; inconsistent with the 1 → 36 mapping. 64: 8^2; again, mismatched to the discovered rule. Common Pitfalls:Guessing 6^2 → 36 without identifying the consistent offset for the second mapping. Always codify the rule before applying it. Final Answer:49

Question 1

Analogy (numbers) — “4 : 9 :: 8 : ?”. Identify the pattern and complete the pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:A common simple-number analogy applies a constant increment: 4 → 9 is +5. Apply the same increment to 8 to get the missing term. Given Data / Assumptions: Treat the mapping as A → A + k for a fixed k. Here, k = 5. Concept / Approach:Compute 8 + 5. Step-by-Step Solution: 4 + 5 = 9 (establish k).8 + 5 = 13. Verification / Alternative check:Competing patterns (squares, etc.) are possible, but the minimal consistent rule here is a simple +5 shift for both pairs. Why Other Options Are Wrong:They do not equal 8 + 5. Common Pitfalls:Overcomplicating with non-linear transforms when a constant difference suffices. Final Answer:13

Question 2

Analogy (numbers) — “17 : 34 :: ? : 10”. Use the same operation to find the missing number.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The mapping 17 → 34 doubles the number. Apply the same operation to get a number that maps to 10. Given Data / Assumptions: Rule: x → 2x. We want y such that 2y = 10. Concept / Approach:Solve for y = 10 / 2. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute y = 5. Verification / Alternative check:Check the stem: 17 × 2 = 34; thus symmetry holds. Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only 5 doubles exactly to 10. Common Pitfalls:Assuming addition when the stem suggests multiplication. Final Answer:5

Question 3

Analogy (numbers) — “20 : 11 :: 102 : ?”. Detect the transformation and apply it to the second pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Identify the function f(n) that sends 20 → 11 and apply it to 102. A simple candidate is f(n) = n/2 + 1 (for even n), which yields 20/2 + 1 = 11. Given Data / Assumptions: Even inputs; integer arithmetic. Concept / Approach:Test f(n) = n/2 + 1 on 102. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 102/2 = 51.Add 1 to get 52. Verification / Alternative check:Other simple forms (sum of digits, etc.) do not fit 20 → 11 as neatly. The half-plus-one rule is concise and consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong:They do not equal 102/2 + 1. Common Pitfalls:Forgetting the +1 after halving. Final Answer:52

Question 4

Analogy (numbers) — “6 : 35 :: 7 : ?”. Infer the rule and find the missing value.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Find f(n) such that 6 → 35. A compact rule is f(n) = n^2 - 1 (since 6^2 - 1 = 36 - 1 = 35). Apply the same to n = 7. Given Data / Assumptions: Square-based transformation. Concept / Approach:Compute 7^2 - 1. Step-by-Step Solution: 7^2 = 49.49 - 1 = 48. Verification / Alternative check:Check that the rule also explains the first pair perfectly. Why Other Options Are Wrong:They do not equal 7^2 - 1. Common Pitfalls:Trying addition/multiplication tables when a simple square relation suffices. Final Answer:48

Question 5

14 : 9 :: 26 : ?  — Identify the numeric rule that maps the first number to the second (state your reasoning) and apply the same rule to find the missing term for 26.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:In number analogies, the first pair reveals the hidden rule, which must then be applied to the second pair. Here, 14 maps to 9. We must discover a consistent transformation and use it to compute the image of 26. Given Data / Assumptions: The mapping is deterministic and single-valued: one input gives one output. 14 is mapped to 9 in the first pair. We seek the corresponding output for 26 using the same rule. Standard transformations considered in such questions include squares, cubes, digit operations, and proximity to perfect powers. Concept / Approach:The value 9 is the largest perfect square less than 14. This suggests the rule 'map any number to the nearest lower perfect square' (also described as 'greatest perfect square <= n', but excluding equality here since 14 is not itself a square). We test the idea on the second number, 26. Step-by-Step Solution:1) List perfect squares around 14: 9 (3^2), 16 (4^2). The lower square is 9 → matches the given mapping.2) List perfect squares around 26: 25 (5^2), 36 (6^2). The lower square is 25.3) Therefore, by the same rule, 26 maps to 25. Verification / Alternative check:Check for competing rules (digit sums, products, factorials). None of those standard manipulations land exactly on 9 from 14 as directly as the 'nearest lower perfect square' rule does. Applying it to 26 consistently gives 25. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16/27/28/21: These are not the greatest perfect squares below 26; only 25 fits the rule. Common Pitfalls:Choosing the 'nearest' square (which could be 25 or 36) instead of the 'nearest lower' square. The first pair (14 → 9) clarifies it must be 'lower'. Final Answer:25

Question 6

100 : 121 :: 144 : ?  — Recognize the pattern (think squares and successive integers) and compute the missing value.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Classic numerical analogies often use perfect squares in succession. 100 and 121 are familiar squares (10^2 and 11^2). We leverage that structure to extend the pattern. Given Data / Assumptions: 100 = 10^2; 121 = 11^2. 144 = 12^2. We expect the mapping to follow 'n^2 → (n+1)^2'. Concept / Approach:Interpret each term as a perfect square of consecutive integers: 10^2 maps to 11^2; therefore, 12^2 should map to 13^2. Step-by-Step Solution:1) 100 = 10^2 → 121 = 11^2 confirms +1 on the base.2) 144 = 12^2 → next is 13^2.3) 13^2 = 169. Verification / Alternative check:Check other options: none are perfect squares of 13 except 169. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 160/93/426/131: Not equal to 13^2; they break the consecutive square pattern. Common Pitfalls:Mistaking 12^2 as 142 or forgetting that 13^2 is 169. Final Answer:169

Question 7

3 : 27 :: 4 : ?  — Determine the operation connecting 3 to 27 and apply it to 4 to find the missing number.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The pair 3 : 27 suggests exponentiation, as 27 is 3^3. Similar cube patterns are common in analogy questions and extend naturally to the next input. Given Data / Assumptions: 27 = 3^3. We assume the same transformation is applied to 4. Concept / Approach:If the rule is 'n → n^3', then 4 must map to 4^3. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Confirm 3 → 3^3 = 27.2) Apply to 4: 4^3 = 64. Verification / Alternative check:Scan options; 64 is present and matches 4^3. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16/32/28/81: These represent 4^2, 2^5, 4*7, and 3^4 respectively; none equals 4^3. Common Pitfalls:Confusing square and cube operations or miscomputing 4^3. Final Answer:64

Question 8

7544 : 5322 :: 4673 : ?  — Infer the consistent four-digit transformation applied to the first number and compute the image of the second.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Digit-wise analogies sometimes apply uniform arithmetic across positions. Here, 7544 maps to 5322. Notice each digit reduces by 2 (7→5, 5→3, 4→2, 4→2), which is equivalent to subtracting 2222 as a whole. Given Data / Assumptions: 7→5, 5→3, 4→2, 4→2 indicates '−2' per digit. No borrows occur in 7544 − 2222, so the pattern is clean. Apply the same '−2' per digit to 4673. Concept / Approach:The simplest consistent rule is subtract 2 from each digit, i.e., number − 2222. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Verify: 7544 − 2222 = 5322 (matches).2) Compute: 4673 − 2222 = 2451. Verification / Alternative check:Digit-wise check: 4→2, 6→4, 7→5, 3→1; result 2451. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 2367/2531/4472/2251: Do not result from subtracting 2222 from 4673; they break the consistent per-digit reduction. Common Pitfalls:Applying subtraction to the whole number with borrow errors rather than treating it digit-wise as the example implies. Final Answer:2451

Question 9

11 : 132 :: ?  — Choose the pair that follows the same rule relating the first number to the second.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We must infer the mapping from 11 to 132 and select the option that exhibits the same relationship. Look for simple multiplicative patterns like n^2 or n*(n+1). Given Data / Assumptions: 11 → 132. 132 / 11 = 12 = (11 + 1), suggesting 11 maps to 11 * 12. Therefore the rule appears to be n → n * (n + 1). Concept / Approach:Test each option for the same structure n : n*(n+1). Step-by-Step Solution:Check (9 : 90): 9*(9+1) = 9*10 = 90 ✓Check (10 : 100): 10*(11) = 110 ≠ 100 ✗Check (15 : 250): 15*(16) = 240 ≠ 250 ✗Check (13 : 169): 13*(14) = 182 ≠ 169; 169 is 13^2 ✗Check (7 : 42): 7*(8) = 56 ≠ 42 ✗ Verification / Alternative check:Since 11 → 132 fits n*(n+1), any correct option must satisfy the same. Only 9 : 90 works. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 10 : 100 and 13 : 169 follow n^2, not n*(n+1). 15 : 250 and 7 : 42 do not match n*(n+1) either. Common Pitfalls:Confusing n^2 with n*(n+1). The given mapping (11 → 132) disambiguates the correct rule. Final Answer:9 : 90

Question 10

1 : 36 :: 2 : ?  — Detect the transformation that maps 1 to 36 and apply it to 2 to find the missing value.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We seek a simple arithmetic-to-power pattern. 36 suggests 6^2. If 1 maps to 36, then the base likely became 6. That hints at 'add 5, then square' as the rule. Given Data / Assumptions: 1 → 36 implies (1 + 5)^2 = 6^2 = 36. Apply the same operation to 2. Concept / Approach:Transform n by adding 5 and then squaring the result: f(n) = (n + 5)^2. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Confirm: f(1) = (1 + 5)^2 = 36.2) Compute: f(2) = (2 + 5)^2 = 7^2 = 49. Verification / Alternative check:Other nearby ideas (square, cube directly) do not map 1 → 36; the '+5 then square' fits cleanly and generalizes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 69/70: Not perfect squares from (2 + 5). 81: Would be (2 + 7)^2; inconsistent with the 1 → 36 mapping. 64: 8^2; again, mismatched to the discovered rule. Common Pitfalls:Guessing 6^2 → 36 without identifying the consistent offset for the second mapping. Always codify the rule before applying it. Final Answer:49

Question 11

Menu : Food :: Catalogue : ?  — Choose the item that stands to 'Catalogue' as 'Food' stands to 'Menu' (list-to-contents relation).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Verbal analogies frequently encode 'container → contents' or 'list → items' relations. A 'menu' is a curated list of 'food' items offered. We must pick what a 'catalogue' enumerates in the same relationship. Given Data / Assumptions: Menu : Food indicates 'list' → 'items on that list'. Catalogue commonly lists books or products. We want the canonical, widely taught mapping in exam analogies. Concept / Approach:Maintain the semantic role: 'list → listed items'. For general knowledge, a catalogue (especially in libraries or publishers) lists 'books'. Although catalogues can list many products, 'book' is the textbook pairing in standard analogy sets. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify relation type: list → contents.2) Map catalogue to typical contents: books.3) Select 'Book' to mirror 'Menu : Food'. Verification / Alternative check:Library science uses 'catalogue' precisely for the organized listing of books (author, title, subject headings). Publisher/retail catalogues also enumerate products, but in analogy questions the archetype is books. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Rack/Library: Containers/places, not items listed. Newspaper: A publication type; not the thing a catalogue lists in the classic pairing. Index: Another type of list; wrong direction of the relation. Common Pitfalls:Confusing 'where items are stored' with 'what items are listed'. Focus on list → item relationship. Final Answer:Book

Question 12

Goat : Bleat :: Camel : ?  — Select the verb that names the characteristic sound made by a camel.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a sound–producer mapping. 'Goat : Bleat' states the animal and its characteristic vocalization. We must choose the correct canonical sound term for 'camel'. Given Data / Assumptions: Goats 'bleat'. Camels vocalize with characteristic low, guttural sounds. Distractors include sounds of other animals. Concept / Approach:Match animal → sound verb. For camels, the standard textbook answer is 'grunt' (camels also groan/bellow, but 'grunt' is the commonly accepted exam choice). Step-by-Step Solution:1) Keep structure consistent: animal → sound.2) Camel's recognized sound in GK sets: grunt.3) Select 'Grunt'. Verification / Alternative check:Reference lists of animal sounds (primary-school GK, SSC/Bank exams) pair camel → grunt/groan; 'grunt' is the canonical single-word form. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Bleat: Goat/sheep; already used. Howl: Wolves/dogs. Bray: Donkey/ass. Roar: Lion/tiger. Common Pitfalls:Picking 'bray' due to desert association with donkeys. Stay precise to the animal. Final Answer:Grunt

Question 13

Adult : Baby :: Flower : ?  — Choose the stage or form that stands to 'Flower' as 'Baby' stands to 'Adult' (developmental relation).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This analogy uses life-cycle or developmental stages. 'Adult : Baby' contrasts a mature form with its earlier stage. We must mirror this for a flower by naming its earlier stage. Given Data / Assumptions: Adult is the mature human; baby is the immature/early stage. A flower develops from a bud prior to blooming. Options include parts or stages; we must select the precise earlier stage. Concept / Approach:Maintain 'mature form : earlier stage'. For plants, the transition is bud → flower. Thus, to mirror adult : baby, we set flower : bud. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify relation: mature vs earlier stage.2) Flower's earlier stage: bud.3) Choose 'Bud'. Verification / Alternative check:Botany: a bud is an undeveloped or embryonic shoot that typically gives rise to a flower or leaf. For floral buds, bloom results in the flower stage. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Seed: Earlier than bud and not the direct pre-flower stage in this pairing. Fruit: Post-flower stage (after fertilization). Butterfly: Different organism; irrelevant. Leaf: Organ, not the earlier stage of a flower here. Common Pitfalls:Choosing 'seed' due to general plant life cycles; the direct predecessor of a flower is its bud. Final Answer:Bud

Question 14

Good : Bad :: Virtue : ?  — Identify the antonym that pairs with 'Virtue' in the same way that 'Bad' pairs with 'Good'.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Antonym analogies require selecting the direct opposite within the same semantic field. 'Good : Bad' sets the polarity. We must choose the precise opposite for 'Virtue'. Given Data / Assumptions: Good ↔ Bad are direct antonyms. Virtue denotes moral excellence or goodness of character. We seek the standard antonym used in ethics/morality. Concept / Approach:In moral philosophy and common usage, the opposite of virtue is 'vice'—a bad habit or immoral conduct opposing virtuous traits. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Preserve relation: concept ↔ direct antonym.2) Virtue ↔ Vice is the canonical pair.3) Select 'Vice'. Verification / Alternative check:Dictionaries and ethics texts list vice as the contrary to virtue (e.g., temperance ↔ intemperance, honesty ↔ dishonesty under the vice–virtue framework). Why Other Options Are Wrong: Blame: Not the opposite of virtue; relates to responsibility. Sin/Evil: Related to wrongdoing but not the strict antonymic pair in classical phrasing. Despair: An emotional state; unrelated. Common Pitfalls:Picking a generally negative word (sin/evil) rather than the exact antonymic counterpart (vice). Final Answer:Vice

Question 15

Bird : Fly :: Snake : ? — Identify the movement/action that stands to “Snake” as “Fly” stands to “Bird.”

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Verbal analogies often test your ability to preserve a specific relationship from one pair to another. In the pair “Bird : Fly,” the relation is animal to its characteristic mode of locomotion. We must select the verb that captures a snake’s typical movement in the same functional way that “fly” captures a bird’s movement. Given Data / Assumptions: The base relation is animal → typical locomotion verb. Birds are known to fly. Snakes are limbless reptiles that move close to the ground. Options include verbs, nouns, and unrelated words; only one should mirror the locomotion relation. Concept / Approach:To maintain a true analogy, we need to pair the second animal with a locomotion verb of the same grammatical form and level of generality. While snakes “slither” in common parlance, standardized analogy sets often accept “crawl” as the general verb for ground-based forward motion without limbs. Choosing a noun like “hole” (habitat) or unrelated verbs breaks the relational symmetry. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the functional mapping: animal → locomotion (bird → fly).2) Determine the parallel for snake: the animal moves along the ground with lateral undulation.3) Among choices, “Crawl” is the accepted locomotion verb at the same abstraction level as “Fly.”4) Therefore, Snake → Crawl fits the analogy. Verification / Alternative check:Everyday usage and basic zoology describe snakes as slithering; many exam keys accept “crawl” as the simple locomotion verb. The key is parallel grammar and role: action of moving, not place or attribute. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Timid: Personality trait, not motion. Clatter: A sound, not a locomotion verb. Hole: Noun (habitat), not movement. Slither: Though apt, it was not provided as the keyed standard in many sets; “Crawl” is the conventional exam choice given this option set. Common Pitfalls:Picking nouns (like “hole”) or non-locomotion words. Always preserve part of speech and semantic role to keep the analogy precise. Final Answer:Crawl

Question 16

BEAK : ORNX :: FILM : ? — Decode the letter-mapping rule in the first pair and apply it to the second word.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Some analogy questions use consistent letter transformations instead of semantic relations. The pair “BEAK : ORNX” signals a systematic substitution cipher rather than a meaning-based relation. Your task is to detect the rule and apply it to “FILM.” Given Data / Assumptions: Original: BEAK. Mapped: ORNX. Target word: FILM. We suspect a constant alphabetic shift per letter. Concept / Approach:Check whether each letter has been advanced by a fixed amount. B→O is a shift of +13 (B=2 to O=15). E→R (+13), A→N (+13), K→X (+13). This uniform +13 shift is the well-known ROT13 cipher (a Caesar shift by 13). Apply ROT13 to each letter of FILM to get the answer. Step-by-Step Solution:Compute ROT13 for F→S, I→V, L→Y, M→Z.Thus, FILM → SVYZ.Select the option that equals SVYZ. Verification / Alternative check:ROT13 is involutive: applying it twice returns the original word. Checking ORNX back → BEAK confirms the rule. Applying once to FILM yields SVYZ, matching option C. Why Other Options Are Wrong: RUXY/URON/MLIF/SVXZ: Do not result from a strict +13 shift on all letters of FILM; some letters break the uniform mapping. Common Pitfalls:Inconsistent shifting (e.g., mixing +12 or +14), or letter wrapping errors at Z→A. ROT13 demands a precise +13 rotation with wrap-around. Final Answer:SVYZ

Question 17

Taka : Bangladesh :: Lira : ? — Identify the country classically associated with the currency “Lira.”

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Currency-to-country analogies rely on widely taught associations. “Taka : Bangladesh” pairs a currency with its issuing country. We must choose the country historically and popularly associated with “Lira.” Given Data / Assumptions: Taka is the national currency of Bangladesh. “Lira” has been used by multiple nations across history. Standard exam keys expect the classic, mainstream association taught in GK lists. Concept / Approach:Although modern Turkey issues the Turkish lira, the canonical textbook association for “Lira” in many traditional analogy sets is “Italy” (the Italian lira was Italy’s pre-euro currency). Given the typical exam convention and the absence of “Turkish Lira” phrasing in the prompt, “Italy” is the expected mapping. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Preserve relation: currency → country.2) Recognize conventional pairing: Lira → Italy (pre-euro).3) Select “Italy.” Verification / Alternative check:General knowledge references (legacy currency lists, SSC/Bank prep books) pair “Lira” with Italy by default, unless specifically asking for “Turkish lira.” Why Other Options Are Wrong: Kuwait/Sri Lanka/Kenya: Use dinar/rupee/shilling respectively; not lira. Turkey: Uses the Turkish lira now, but the classic exam pair for generic “Lira” is Italy unless specified. Common Pitfalls:Overriding standard exam conventions with current affairs without context. When unsuffixed “Lira” is used, “Italy” is the safe, canonical answer. Final Answer:Italy

Question 18

Doctor : Nurse :: ? : Follower — Choose the word that pairs with “Follower” in the same leader–assistant relationship.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Relationship analogies match roles that co-occur in hierarchies or coordinated tasks. “Doctor : Nurse” reflects a professional leadership/coordination relationship in clinical contexts. We need a corresponding pair where the first term stands in a guiding or leading relation to the second. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair suggests lead/coordinate (doctor) to support/assist (nurse). We must reproduce this asymmetry for “Follower.” Options present roles that may or may not mirror leadership. Concept / Approach:The natural counterpart of “Follower” is “Leader.” This preserves relational polarity: the first term directs or inspires; the second term follows or responds. Other options do not create the needed directional relation. Step-by-Step Solution:Identify relation: leader/guide vs supporter/follower.Pick the canonical opposite-complement: Leader : Follower. Verification / Alternative check:Common collocations and organizational structures pair “leader” with “follower,” analogous to doctor–nurse (though domain differs). The core is asymmetric role linkage, not identical professions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Worker/Employer/Union: Do not stand in a direct follower relation; relationships differ (employment, collective body). Guide: Close to leader, but the standard antonymic complement for “follower” is “leader.” Common Pitfalls:Forcing domain-specific pairings instead of preserving the abstract relational pattern. Final Answer:Leader

Question 19

Food : Stomach :: Fuel : ? — Maintain the “input → consuming/operating part” relation and pick the correct counterpart.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:In “Food : Stomach,” the first term is an input, and the second is the part that processes or consumes that input in a biological system. We must extend the same “input → consuming/operating component” relation to mechanical systems for “Fuel.” Given Data / Assumptions: Food is ingested and processed by the stomach. Fuel is supplied to a mechanical subsystem that performs combustion or energy conversion. We seek a part (not a whole vehicle) that directly uses fuel. Concept / Approach:Fuel is consumed by the engine (internal combustion engine, turbine, etc.) to generate mechanical work. This parallels food consumed by the stomach to support bodily energy needs. Choosing a whole vehicle (automobile, aeroplane) would break the component-level mapping evident in the biological example. Step-by-Step Solution:1) Preserve abstraction: input → consuming part.2) Biological: food → stomach.3) Mechanical: fuel → engine.4) Select “Engine.” Verification / Alternative check:Any fuel-powered machine contains an engine (or power unit) where the fuel’s chemical energy is released/converted. This is the precise analogue to the bodily organ example. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Automobile/Aeroplane: Whole systems, not the consuming part. Rail: Transport mode/infrastructure, not a consuming component. Generator: Consumes fuel in some contexts but typically a system; the closer analogue by part-function is “engine.” Common Pitfalls:Confusing whole systems with the specific subsystem that performs consumption/processing. Final Answer:Engine

Question 20

Water : Sand :: Ocean : ? — Preserve the “vast collection of …” relation between natural domains and select the correct counterpart.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Water : Sand” evokes the idea of primary substance associated with a natural domain composed largely of that substance. We must replicate the same domain–substance relation for “Ocean.” Given Data / Assumptions: A desert is predominantly a vast area of sand (and rock), often conceptualized as “sand domain.” An ocean is a vast body of water. The analogy appears to match domain-by-constitutive medium. Concept / Approach:Map “Water : Sand” as “domain medium A : domain medium B.” Then, pair ocean with the domain analog that is to sand as ocean is to water: “Ocean : Desert.” This preserves the correspondence of large natural expanse characterized chiefly by a single material (water ↔ sand). Step-by-Step Solution:1) Recognize composition relation: ocean → water, desert → sand.2) The first pair lists the mediums; the second pair should list the domains.3) Therefore, Ocean : Desert matches Water : Sand. Verification / Alternative check:Alternate proposals like “Ocean : Waves” fail because waves are phenomena within the ocean, not the analogous “domain” counter to a desert. “River” is a water body but not the counterpart to “desert” in a medium-composition sense. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Engine: Irrelevant. River: A water body; fails the cross-domain sand analogy. Waves: Processes/features of oceans, not domain analogues. Shore: Boundary region, not a domain primarily characterized by a medium. Common Pitfalls:Matching ocean with a water-related term (river, waves) instead of seeking the sand-dominated domain that mirrors the relationship structurally. Final Answer:Desert

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